Richard J L, Thurston J R, Peden W M, Pinello C
Mycopathologia. 1984 Aug 30;87(1-2):3-11. doi: 10.1007/BF00436615.
A review of the studies on aspergillosis in turkey poults at the National Animal Disease Center include limited field studies, pathogenicity studies, and vaccine development. Natural ventilation in turkey rearing houses was effective in reducing airborne propagules of four major fungal genera, but the effectiveness of ventilation appeared to be limited by the width of the building. Aspergillus fumigatus was more effective than A. flavus in producing mortalities in aerosol exposed poults. Toxigenicity of A. flavus did not enhance its pathogenicity, and no apparent aflatoxin production occurred during pathogenesis in infected turkey poults. Spores of A. fumigatus were disseminated quite rapidly in poults exposed to aerosols, and alveolar macrophages from respiratory lavages taken immediately after exposure contained spores of A. fumigatus. Vaccines produced from germlings of A. fumigatus and administered to turkey poults were the most efficacious of five vaccines tested against challenge exposure to aerosols of A. fumigatus spores.
美国国家动物疾病中心对火鸡雏曲霉病的研究综述包括有限的现场研究、致病性研究和疫苗开发。火鸡饲养舍的自然通风在减少四种主要真菌属的空气传播繁殖体方面是有效的，但通风效果似乎受到鸡舍宽度的限制。烟曲霉在气溶胶暴露的雏鸡中导致死亡方面比黄曲霉更有效。黄曲霉的产毒性并未增强其致病性，且在感染火鸡雏鸡发病过程中未出现明显的黄曲霉毒素产生。烟曲霉孢子在暴露于气溶胶的雏鸡中传播相当迅速，暴露后立即采集的呼吸道灌洗中的肺泡巨噬细胞含有烟曲霉孢子。由烟曲霉菌丝体生产并给火鸡雏鸡接种的疫苗，在针对烟曲霉孢子气溶胶攻击暴露测试的五种疫苗中是最有效的。
