Mills N J, Gilchrist A
School of Metallurgy and Materials, University of Birmingham, England.
Accid Anal Prev. 1991 Apr-Jun;23(2-3):153-63. doi: 10.1016/0001-4575(91)90045-7.
The optimisation of the foam used for shock absorption in bicycle and motorcycle helmets is considered. It is shown that for the former, the ideal foam yield stress for impact with a rigid protruding object is higher than that for impact with a deformable flat object. Therefore, the design must be a compromise. For motorcycle helmets the shell stiffness is higher and the force to cause shell buckling plays a significant part in the response. Lower density foams can be used only if the impact test standards are rewritten with less emphasis on impacts with convex and pointed objects.
本文考虑了用于自行车和摩托车头盔减震的泡沫材料的优化问题。结果表明，对于自行车头盔而言，与刚性突出物体碰撞时的理想泡沫屈服应力高于与可变形扁平物体碰撞时的屈服应力。因此，设计必须做出妥协。对于摩托车头盔，外壳刚度更高，导致外壳屈曲的力在响应中起重要作用。只有在重写冲击测试标准，减少对与凸形和尖锐物体碰撞的强调时，才可以使用低密度泡沫材料。
