生命历程中的转折点：药物使用研究的当前发现与未来方向
Turning points in the life course: current findings and future directions in drug use research.
作者信息
Teruya Cheryl, Hser Yih-Ing
机构信息
UCLA Integrated Substance Abuse Programs, 1640 S. Sepulveda Blvd., Suite 200, Los Angeles, CA 90025, USA.
出版信息
Curr Drug Abuse Rev. 2010 Sep;3(3):189-95. doi: 10.2174/1874473711003030189.
Turning point, a key concept in the developmental life course approach, is currently understudied in the field of substance abuse, but merits further research. A turning point often involves a particular event, experience, or awareness that results in changes in the direction of a pathway or persistent trajectory over the long-term. This article (1) provides an overview of the relevant literature on the concept of turning points from the life course and developmental criminology perspectives, (2) reviews literature on turning points in substance use, (3) discusses methodological considerations, and (4) suggests areas for future research on turning points in drug use. The influence of life course concepts related to drug use trajectories and turning points (including, for example, timing and sequencing of life events, individual characteristics, human agency, and social and historical context) offers a potentially fruitful area of investigation that may increase our understanding of why and how drug users stop and resume using over the long-term. Further research on turning points may be particularly valuable in unpacking the multifaceted and complex underlying mechanisms and factors involved in lasting changes in drug use.
转折点是发展生命历程方法中的一个关键概念，目前在药物滥用领域研究不足，但值得进一步研究。转折点通常涉及特定的事件、经历或认知，这些会导致路径方向或长期持续轨迹的改变。本文（1）从生命历程和发展犯罪学角度概述了关于转折点概念的相关文献，（2）回顾了关于物质使用转折点的文献，（3）讨论了方法学考量，（4）提出了药物使用转折点未来研究的领域。与药物使用轨迹和转折点相关的生命历程概念（包括例如生命事件的时间和顺序、个体特征、人类能动性以及社会和历史背景）的影响提供了一个潜在富有成果的研究领域，这可能会增进我们对吸毒者长期停止和重新使用毒品的原因及方式的理解。关于转折点的进一步研究在剖析药物使用持久变化所涉及的多方面复杂潜在机制和因素方面可能特别有价值。
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