Farnaud Sebastien J C, Kosti Ourania, Getting Stephen J, Renshaw Derek
Inflammation and Infection Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London, U.K.
ScientificWorldJournal. 2010 Mar 16;10:434-56. doi: 10.1100/tsw.2010.38.
Saliva has been described as the mirror of the body. In a world of soaring healthcare costs and an environment where rapid diagnosis may be critical to a positive patient outcome, saliva is emerging as a viable alternative to blood sampling. In this review, we discuss the composition and various physiological roles of saliva in the oral cavity, including soft tissue protection, antimicrobial activities, and oral tissue repair. We then explore saliva as a diagnostic marker of local oral disease and focus particularly on oral cancers. The cancer theme continues when we focus on systemic disease diagnosis from salivary biomarkers. Communicable disease is the focus of the next section where we review the literature relating to the direct and indirect detection of pathogenic infections from human saliva. Finally, we discuss hormones involved in appetite regulation and whether saliva is a viable alternative to blood in order to monitor hormones that are involved in satiety.
唾液被形容为身体的镜子。在医疗成本飞涨的当今世界以及快速诊断对患者良好预后可能至关重要的环境下，唾液正成为一种可行的替代血液采样的方法。在本综述中，我们讨论唾液在口腔中的成分及各种生理作用，包括软组织保护、抗菌活性和口腔组织修复。然后，我们探讨唾液作为局部口腔疾病的诊断标志物，尤其关注口腔癌。当我们聚焦于通过唾液生物标志物进行全身性疾病诊断时，癌症主题仍在继续。下一部分的重点是传染病，我们回顾了有关从人类唾液中直接和间接检测致病感染的文献。最后，我们讨论参与食欲调节的激素，以及唾液是否是监测与饱腹感相关激素的一种可行替代血液的方法。
