Sbrana I, Caretto S, Rainaldi G, Loprieno N
Dipartimento di Scienze dell'Ambiente e del Territorio, Università di Pisa, Italy.
Mutat Res. 1991 May;248(1):145-53. doi: 10.1016/0027-5107(91)90096-7.
The induction of chromosomal aberrations and sister-chromatid exchanges (SCE) was studied in human lymphocyte cultures treated with chloramphenicol (CAP), an antimicrobial agent acting by inhibiting protein synthesis. Moreover chromosomal aberrations and sister-chromatid exchanges were studied in bone marrow cells of treated mice and in Chinese hamster cell cultures (V79) respectively. While no aberrations were induced by short treatments in human lymphocytes exposed in G1 and G2 phases, high frequencies of aberrations, exclusively of the chromatid type, were induced when the drug was administered during a whole cell cycle. Aberrant metaphases were detected only at the end and a few hours after the end of treatment; at later times aberrant cells reached control values. Doses producing aberrations only slightly increased SCE both in human lymphocytes and in V79 cells. In mouse bone marrow cells CAP induced a high mitotic delay and few structural aberrations; intrachromosomal vacuoles were observed.
研究了用氯霉素（CAP）处理的人淋巴细胞培养物中染色体畸变和姐妹染色单体交换（SCE）的诱导情况，氯霉素是一种通过抑制蛋白质合成起作用的抗菌剂。此外，分别研究了经处理小鼠的骨髓细胞和中国仓鼠细胞培养物（V79）中的染色体畸变和姐妹染色单体交换。在G1期和G2期暴露的人淋巴细胞中，短期处理未诱导出畸变，但当在整个细胞周期中给药时，诱导出了高频率的畸变，且均为染色单体型。仅在处理结束时及结束后数小时检测到异常中期；在随后的时间里，异常细胞达到对照值。在人淋巴细胞和V79细胞中，产生畸变的剂量仅略微增加了SCE。在小鼠骨髓细胞中，氯霉素诱导了高度的有丝分裂延迟和少量的结构畸变；观察到了染色体内空泡。
