Barnes K M, Gennard D E, Dixon R A
Department of Forensic and Biomedical Sciences, University of Lincoln, Brayford Pool, Lincoln, LN6 7TS, UK.
Bull Entomol Res. 2010 Dec;100(6):635-40. doi: 10.1017/S000748530999071X. Epub 2010 Mar 22.
The relative antibacterial activities of excretion/secretion (ES) from two carrion-feeding insects, Calliphora vicina Robineau-Desvoidy and Dermestes maculatus DeGeer, and a detritivore, Tenebrio molitor Linnaeus, were compared to that of Lucilia sericata Meigen, a species with ES of known antibacterial capacity, in order to explore the antimicrobial potential of other carrion and detritivore species. Viable counts were used to assess time-kill of ES against five bacterial species, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus mirabilis. Antibacterial activity was recorded in all four insect species although T. molitor and D. maculatus were the most effective in controlling growth of P. mirabilis. The blowflies were more effective in controlling a wider range of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The larval ES from all species was shown to reduce bacterial growth rate although differences in antibacterial spectrum were noted and the degree of potency varied between the four species. These differences may be explained ecologically by the different colonisation times of each insect species on the corpse. Overall, this study demonstrates that research into other carrion-feeding insect species has potential to provide an increased source of antimicrobial chemicals to broaden the range of bacterial species beyond that currently controlled using L. sericata.
为了探索其他食腐昆虫和食腐动物物种的抗菌潜力，比较了两种食腐昆虫——红头丽蝇（Calliphora vicina Robineau-Desvoidy）和黄斑皮蠹（Dermestes maculatus DeGeer）以及一种食腐动物——黄粉虫（Tenebrio molitor Linnaeus）的排泄/分泌物（ES）与丝光绿蝇（Lucilia sericata Meigen）（一种已知ES具有抗菌能力的物种）的相对抗菌活性。采用活菌计数法评估ES对五种细菌——金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、蜡样芽孢杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌和奇异变形杆菌的杀菌时间。所有四种昆虫物种的ES均具有抗菌活性，尽管黄粉虫和黄斑皮蠹在控制奇异变形杆菌生长方面最为有效。丽蝇在控制革兰氏阳性菌和革兰氏阴性菌的更广泛范围内更有效。所有物种的幼虫ES均显示出可降低细菌生长速率，尽管注意到抗菌谱存在差异，且四种物种之间的效力程度有所不同。这些差异可能在生态学上由每种昆虫物种在尸体上的不同定殖时间来解释。总体而言，本研究表明，对其他食腐昆虫物种的研究有可能提供更多的抗菌化学物质来源，以扩大目前使用丝光绿蝇控制的细菌种类范围。
