Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
J Endod. 2010 Apr;36(4):664-7. doi: 10.1016/j.joen.2010.01.014.
To determine the morphologic shape and position of the root apex and the major foramen in maxillary and mandibular teeth.
A total of 845 maxillary and mandibular human teeth root specimens were evaluated. Each root specimen was measured at each root apex by using a calibrated microscope at a magnification of 20x. The anatomic parameters evaluated included the position of the root apex and the major foramen (in the center, buccal, lingual, mesial, or distal) and shapes of peripheral contours of the major foramen (rounded, oval, asymmetric, and semilunar) and root apex (rounded, flat, beveled, and elliptical). All data were summarized, and means, frequencies, and percentages were calculated for each group of specimens (incisors, canines, premolars, and molars).
The most frequent root apex morphology in maxillary and mandibular teeth was the round shape (35.1%). The most frequent shape of the apical foramen was round (52.9%) or oval (25.2%). The major location of both the root apex (39.7%) and the major foramen (58.4%) was in the center of the root.
The most frequent root apex morphology and apical foramen in the maxillary and mandibular teeth was the round followed by the oval shape. The most prevalent location of the root apex and the major foramen was in the center followed by the distal position.
确定上颌和下颌牙齿根尖和主要根管的形态和位置。
共评估了 845 个上颌和下颌人类牙齿根标本。每个根标本在根尖处使用校准显微镜以 20x 的放大倍数进行测量。评估的解剖参数包括根尖和主要根管（在中心、颊侧、舌侧、近中或远中）的位置以及主要根管的周边轮廓形状（圆形、椭圆形、不对称和半月形）和根尖形状（圆形、平坦、斜切和椭圆形）。总结所有数据，并计算每个标本组（切牙、尖牙、前磨牙和磨牙）的平均值、频率和百分比。
上颌和下颌牙齿根尖最常见的形态是圆形（35.1%）。根尖孔最常见的形状是圆形（52.9%）或椭圆形（25.2%）。根尖（39.7%）和主要根管（58.4%）的主要位置均在根的中心。
上颌和下颌牙齿根尖最常见的形态和根尖孔是圆形，其次是椭圆形。根尖和主要根管最常见的位置是在中心，其次是远中位置。
