Kahn H S, Williamson D F
Division of Nutrition, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA 30333.
Am J Clin Nutr. 1991 Jun;53(6 Suppl):1566S-1570S. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/53.6.1566S.
We examined the 10-y change in body mass index (BMI, in kg/m2) of black and white adults who entered the First National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Epidemiologic Followup Study at ages 25-44 y. In women the mean change in BMI was greater for blacks than for whites despite multiple adjustments. However, the risk of major weight gain (MWG; BMI change greater than or equal to + 5) was nearly identical in black and white women. Womens' MWG was independently associated with low income [odds ratio (OR) = 1.7] and with becoming married (OR = 1.8). The risk of major weight loss (MWL; BMI change less than or equal to -2.5) was lower in black women than in white women (OR = 0.6). In men mean BMI change, MWG (BMI change greater than or equal to + 4) and MWL (BMI change greater than or equal to -2) were not associated with race, but there were effects associated with low income, low education, and marital changes. Black race does not increase the risk of weight gain; in women it may be associated with a reduced likelihood of weight loss.
我们研究了年龄在25至44岁之间进入首次全国健康与营养检查调查流行病学随访研究的黑人和白人成年人10年间体重指数（BMI，单位为kg/m²）的变化情况。在女性中，尽管进行了多项调整，但黑人的BMI平均变化仍大于白人。然而，黑人和白人女性中体重显著增加（MWG；BMI变化大于或等于+5）的风险几乎相同。女性的MWG与低收入（优势比[OR]=1.7）和结婚（OR=1.8）独立相关。黑人女性体重显著减轻（MWL；BMI变化小于或等于-2.5）的风险低于白人女性（OR=0.6）。在男性中，平均BMI变化、MWG（BMI变化大于或等于+4）和MWL（BMI变化大于或等于-2）与种族无关，但与低收入、低教育水平和婚姻变化有关。黑人种族不会增加体重增加的风险；在女性中，它可能与体重减轻的可能性降低有关。
