McGarvey S T
Department of Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI.
Am J Clin Nutr. 1991 Jun;53(6 Suppl):1586S-1594S. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/53.6.1586S.
For Samoans, modernization produces obesity and adiposity and concomitant increases in cardiovascular disease risk factors and outcomes. Massive adiposity and high prevalence of obesity characterizes modernizing adult Samoans. Mean body mass index (in kg/m2) at ages 25-54 y is 30-32 for males and 32-36 for females. Prevalence of overweight in female adults is 46% in traditional Western Samoans and 80% in migrants in Hawaii. Five-year longitudinal data show striking weight and fat gain, especially in younger adults and females. An evolutionary perspective on Polynesian adiposity is based on scenarios of the fates of sailors on the voyages of discovery and of settlers in the pioneer island villages. Efficient metabolisms producing rapid adipose-tissue growth could have increased survival among the first Polynesians. Rapid dietary and physical activity changes caused by modernization interacting with such population genetic predispositions may lead to the documented massive adiposity.
对于萨摩亚人来说，现代化导致肥胖和超重，同时心血管疾病风险因素及发病率也随之增加。肥胖症高发且普遍肥胖是现代化进程中成年萨摩亚人的特征。25至54岁男性的平均体重指数（kg/m²）为30至32，女性为32至36。传统西萨摩亚成年女性超重率为46%，而夏威夷的移民女性超重率为80%。五年纵向数据显示体重和脂肪显著增加，尤其是年轻成年人和女性。关于波利尼西亚人肥胖问题的进化观点基于探索航行中水手以及开拓岛屿村庄定居者的命运情况。高效的新陈代谢促使脂肪组织快速生长，这可能增加了首批波利尼西亚人的存活率。现代化带来的饮食和身体活动的快速变化，与这种群体遗传易感性相互作用，可能导致了所记录的普遍肥胖现象。
