Popplewell D S, Harrison J D, Ham G J
National Radiological Protection Board, Chilton, Didcot, Oxfordshire.
Health Phys. 1991 Jun;60(6):797-805. doi: 10.1097/00004032-199106000-00005.
The gastrointestinal absorption of Np and Cm has been determined in five male adult volunteers. The Np and Cm, which were in citrate solution, were taken with food. An initial experiment with each individual determined the fraction of each element excreted in the urine following intravenous administration. Subsequently, the results for urinary excretion for the two routes of administration were used to calculate the fractional absorption (f1) of ingested Np and Cm. The mean f1 values were: Np (2.0 +/- 0.2) X 10(-4), range (1.2-2.9) X 10(-4), and Cm (1.7 +/- 0.3) X 10(-4), range (0.95-3.0) X 10(-4), the quoted uncertainties being the standard error of the means. Currently, the International Commission on Radiological Protection recommends a value of 10(-3) for both elements. Cumulative urinary excretion over 1 wk after intravenous injection accounted for about 20%-40% of administered Np and 7%-10% of Cm. At the conclusion of the experiment, the total committed effective dose equivalent for each volunteer was calculated to be in the range 130-250 microSv, based on the individual f1 values, and, in some cases, a knowledge of the rate of clearance of 239Np through the gut as measured by whole-body counting.
已在五名成年男性志愿者身上测定了镎（Np）和锔（Cm）的胃肠道吸收情况。处于柠檬酸盐溶液中的Np和Cm与食物一同摄入。对每个个体进行的初始实验确定了静脉注射后每种元素在尿液中的排泄分数。随后，利用两种给药途径的尿液排泄结果来计算摄入的Np和Cm的吸收分数（f1）。f1的平均值为：Np（2.0±0.2）×10⁻⁴，范围为（1.2 - 2.9）×10⁻⁴，以及Cm（1.7±0.3）×10⁻⁴，范围为（0.95 - 3.0）×10⁻⁴，所引用的不确定度为平均值的标准误差。目前，国际放射防护委员会对这两种元素都推荐了10⁻³的值。静脉注射后1周内的累积尿液排泄量占所给Np的约20% - 40%，占Cm的7% - 10%。在实验结束时，根据个体的f1值，并在某些情况下依据全身计数所测得的239Np通过肠道的清除率，计算出每名志愿者的总待积有效剂量当量在130 - 250微希沃特范围内。
