University of California, Irvine, USA.
Child Dev. 2010 Jan-Feb;81(1):131-48. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8624.2009.01385.x.
The consequences of prenatal maternal stress for development were examined in 125 full-term infants at 3, 6, and 12 months of age. Maternal cortisol and psychological state were evaluated 5 times during pregnancy. Exposure to elevated concentrations of cortisol early in gestation was associated with a slower rate of development over the 1st year and lower mental development scores at 12 months. Elevated levels of maternal cortisol late in gestation, however, were associated with accelerated cognitive development and higher scores at 12 months. Elevated levels of maternal pregnancy-specific anxiety early in pregnancy were independently associated with lower 12-month mental development scores. These data suggest that maternal cortisol and pregnancy-specific anxiety have programming influences on the developing fetus.
本研究旨在探讨 125 名足月婴儿在出生后 3、6 和 12 个月时，母体产前应激对其发育的影响。在妊娠期间，研究者对母亲的皮质醇水平和心理状态进行了 5 次评估。结果显示，妊娠早期皮质醇浓度升高与婴儿在出生后第一年发育速度较慢以及 12 个月时精神发育评分较低有关。然而，妊娠晚期皮质醇水平升高与婴儿 12 个月时认知发育加速和评分较高有关。妊娠早期母亲特定焦虑水平升高与 12 个月时精神发育评分较低独立相关。这些数据表明，母体皮质醇和妊娠特异性焦虑对发育中的胎儿具有编程影响。
