Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA.
J Cell Sci. 2010 Apr 15;123(Pt 8):1329-42. doi: 10.1242/jcs.065698. Epub 2010 Mar 23.
Actin-filament disassembly is crucial for actin-based motility, to control filament network architecture and to regenerate subunits for assembly. Here, we examined the roles of three actin cytoskeletal proteins, coronin, cofilin and Aip1, which have been suggested to combine in various ways to control actin dynamics by promoting or regulating disassembly. We studied their functions during the endocytosis process in budding yeast, where actin-filament dynamics at the cortical actin 'patch' contribute to the formation and movement of endocytic vesicles. We found that all three proteins were recruited during the late phase of the life of the actin patch. They all arrived at the same time, when actin and other actin-associated proteins were leaving the patch. Cofilin point mutations influenced the localization of coronin and Aip1, but the complete loss of coronin had no effect on localization of cofilin or Aip1. Using quantitative patch motion analysis and comparing mutant alleles, the phenotypes for mutations of the three genes showed some commonalities, but also some striking differences. Cofilin was clearly the most important; it displayed the most severe mutant phenotypes affecting actin-patch assembly and movement. Together, the results suggest that all three proteins work together to promote actin disassembly, but not in a simple way, and not with equal importance.
肌动蛋白丝的解体对于肌动蛋白为基础的运动、控制纤维网络结构以及再生组装的亚基是至关重要的。在这里,我们研究了三种肌动蛋白细胞骨架蛋白的作用,即冠蛋白、丝切蛋白和 Aip1,它们被认为以不同的方式结合,通过促进或调节解聚来控制肌动蛋白动力学。我们研究了它们在出芽酵母中内吞过程中的功能,在这个过程中,皮质肌动蛋白“斑块”处的肌动蛋白丝动力学有助于内吞小泡的形成和运动。我们发现这三种蛋白都在肌动蛋白斑块生命的晚期被招募。当肌动蛋白和其他与肌动蛋白相关的蛋白离开斑块时,它们同时到达。丝切蛋白点突变影响冠蛋白和 Aip1 的定位,但冠蛋白的完全缺失对丝切蛋白或 Aip1 的定位没有影响。通过定量斑块运动分析和比较突变等位基因,这三个基因的突变表型显示出一些共同之处,但也有一些显著的差异。丝切蛋白显然是最重要的;它表现出最严重的突变表型,影响肌动蛋白斑块的组装和运动。总之,结果表明所有三种蛋白协同促进肌动蛋白的解体,但不是以简单的方式,也不是同等重要。
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