Bowers P G, Swanson L B
University of Waterloo.
J Exp Child Psychol. 1991 Apr;51(2):195-219. doi: 10.1016/0022-0965(91)90032-n.
Speed of word identification is important in the theories of reading proposed by La Berge and Samuels (1974) and Perfetti (1985), and is substantially correlated with reading skill. However, there is controversy about whether disabled readers have a speed deficit that is restricted to the identification of printed words, or if instead, they have a more general speed deficit in retrieving names of even single digits. To investigate this issue, poor and average readers (N = 43) in grade 2 were assessed on several indices of speed of digit and letter naming, using both continuous-list and discrete-trial methodologies. MANCOVA indicated clear effects of reader group on discrete-trial latencies, as well as an interaction between reader group and the speed with which to-be-named items were presented. A series of hierarchical regression analyses explored the amount of shared variance between various measures of digit naming speed and five indices of reading skill. Latency for word identification shares considerable variance with latency for digit naming, and, in general, accounts for the shared variance of naming speed and several other measures of reading skill. Naming speed contributed variance in reading skill. Naming speed contributed variance in reading skill independently of measures of phonological awareness.
单词识别速度在拉贝热和塞缪尔斯（1974年）以及佩费蒂（1985年）提出的阅读理论中很重要，并且与阅读技能密切相关。然而，对于阅读障碍者是否存在仅限于印刷单词识别的速度缺陷，还是相反，他们在检索甚至单个数字的名称时存在更普遍的速度缺陷，存在争议。为了研究这个问题，使用连续列表和离散试验方法，对二年级的阅读能力较差和中等的读者（N = 43）进行了数字和字母命名速度的几个指标的评估。多变量协方差分析表明，读者组对离散试验潜伏期有明显影响，以及读者组与待命名项目呈现速度之间的相互作用。一系列层次回归分析探讨了数字命名速度的各种测量与阅读技能的五个指标之间的共同方差量。单词识别潜伏期与数字命名潜伏期有相当大的共同方差，并且一般来说，解释了命名速度与其他几个阅读技能测量的共同方差。命名速度对阅读技能有贡献。命名速度对阅读技能的贡献独立于语音意识的测量。
