China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.
N Engl J Med. 2010 Mar 25;362(12):1090-101. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa0908292.
Because of the rapid change in lifestyle in China, there is concern that diabetes may become epidemic. We conducted a national study from June 2007 through May 2008 to estimate the prevalence of diabetes among Chinese adults.
A nationally representative sample of 46,239 adults, 20 years of age or older, from 14 provinces and municipalities participated in the study. After an overnight fast, participants underwent an oral glucose-tolerance test, and fasting and 2-hour glucose levels were measured to identify undiagnosed diabetes and prediabetes (i.e., impaired fasting glucose or impaired glucose tolerance). Previously diagnosed diabetes was determined on the basis of self-report.
The age-standardized prevalences of total diabetes (which included both previously diagnosed diabetes and previously undiagnosed diabetes) and prediabetes were 9.7% (10.6% among men and 8.8% among women) and 15.5% (16.1% among men and 14.9% among women), respectively, accounting for 92.4 million adults with diabetes (50.2 million men and 42.2 million women) and 148.2 million adults with prediabetes (76.1 million men and 72.1 million women). The prevalence of diabetes increased with increasing age (3.2%, 11.5%, and 20.4% among persons who were 20 to 39, 40 to 59, and > or = 60 years of age, respectively) and with increasing weight (4.5%, 7.6%, 12.8%, and 18.5% among persons with a body-mass index [the weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters] of < 18.5, 18.5 to 24.9, 25.0 to 29.9, and > or = 30.0, respectively). The prevalence of diabetes was higher among urban residents than among rural residents (11.4% vs. 8.2%). The prevalence of isolated impaired glucose tolerance was higher than that of isolated impaired fasting glucose (11.0% vs. 3.2% among men and 10.9% vs. 2.2% among women).
These results indicate that diabetes has become a major public health problem in China and that strategies aimed at the prevention and treatment of diabetes are needed.
由于中国生活方式的快速变化，人们担心糖尿病可能会流行。我们进行了一项全国性研究，从 2007 年 6 月到 2008 年 5 月，以估计中国成年人中糖尿病的患病率。
来自 14 个省和直辖市的 46239 名年龄在 20 岁及以上的成年人参加了这项具有全国代表性的研究。在禁食过夜后，参与者接受了口服葡萄糖耐量试验，并测量了空腹和 2 小时血糖水平，以确定未诊断的糖尿病和糖尿病前期（即空腹血糖受损或葡萄糖耐量受损）。先前诊断的糖尿病是根据自我报告确定的。
年龄标准化的总糖尿病（包括以前诊断的糖尿病和以前未诊断的糖尿病）和糖尿病前期患病率分别为 9.7%（男性为 10.6%，女性为 8.8%）和 15.5%（男性为 16.1%，女性为 14.9%），分别占 9240 万糖尿病患者（男性 5020 万，女性 4220 万）和 14820 万糖尿病前期患者（男性 7610 万，女性 7210 万）。糖尿病的患病率随着年龄的增长而增加（20-39 岁、40-59 岁和≥60 岁的人群分别为 3.2%、11.5%和 20.4%），体重也随之增加（身体质量指数[体重以千克为单位除以身高以米为单位的平方]＜18.5、18.5 至 24.9、25.0 至 29.9 和≥30.0 的人群分别为 4.5%、7.6%、12.8%和 18.5%）。城市居民的糖尿病患病率高于农村居民（11.4%对 8.2%）。单纯性糖耐量受损的患病率高于单纯性空腹血糖受损（男性为 11.0%对 3.2%，女性为 10.9%对 2.2%）。
这些结果表明，糖尿病已成为中国的一个主要公共卫生问题，需要制定预防和治疗糖尿病的策略。
