Madras Diabetes Research Foundation and Dr Mohan's Diabetes Specialities Centre, WHO Collaborating Centre for Noncommunicable Diseases Prevention and Control, IDF Centre for Education, 4, Conran Smith Road, Gopalapuram, Chennai 600 086, India.
Diabetologia. 2011 Dec;54(12):3022-7. doi: 10.1007/s00125-011-2291-5. Epub 2011 Sep 30.
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: This study reports the results of the first phase of a national study to determine the prevalence of diabetes and prediabetes (impaired fasting glucose and/or impaired glucose tolerance) in India.
A total of 363 primary sampling units (188 urban, 175 rural), in three states (Tamilnadu, Maharashtra and Jharkhand) and one union territory (Chandigarh) of India were sampled using a stratified multistage sampling design to survey individuals aged ≥ 20 years. The prevalence rates of diabetes and prediabetes were assessed by measurement of fasting and 2 h post glucose load capillary blood glucose.
Of the 16,607 individuals selected for the study, 14,277 (86%) participated, of whom 13,055 gave blood samples. The weighted prevalence of diabetes (both known and newly diagnosed) was 10.4% in Tamilnadu, 8.4% in Maharashtra, 5.3% in Jharkhand, and 13.6% in Chandigarh. The prevalences of prediabetes (impaired fasting glucose and/or impaired glucose tolerance) were 8.3%, 12.8%, 8.1% and 14.6% respectively. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that age, male sex, family history of diabetes, urban residence, abdominal obesity, generalised obesity, hypertension and income status were significantly associated with diabetes. Significant risk factors for prediabetes were age, family history of diabetes, abdominal obesity, hypertension and income status.
CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATIONS: We estimate that, in 2011, Maharashtra will have 6 million individuals with diabetes and 9.2 million with prediabetes, Tamilnadu will have 4.8 million with diabetes and 3.9 million with prediabetes, Jharkhand will have 0.96 million with diabetes and 1.5 million with prediabetes, and Chandigarh will have 0.12 million with diabetes and 0.13 million with prediabetes. Projections for the whole of India would be 62.4 million people with diabetes and 77.2 million people with prediabetes.
目的/假设：本研究报告了一项全国性研究的第一阶段结果，旨在确定印度糖尿病和糖尿病前期（空腹血糖受损和/或糖耐量受损）的患病率。
采用分层多阶段抽样设计，在印度三个邦（泰米尔纳德邦、马哈拉施特拉邦和恰蒂斯加尔邦）和一个联邦属地（昌迪加尔）的 363 个初级抽样单位（188 个城市，175 个农村）中抽取了总共 16607 名年龄≥20 岁的个体进行调查。通过测量空腹和 2 小时餐后毛细血管血糖来评估糖尿病和糖尿病前期的患病率。
在所选择的 16607 名研究对象中，有 14277 人（86%）参加了研究，其中 13055 人提供了血液样本。在泰米尔纳德邦，糖尿病（包括已知和新诊断）的加权患病率为 10.4%，在马哈拉施特拉邦为 8.4%，在恰蒂斯加尔邦为 5.3%，在昌迪加尔为 13.6%。糖尿病前期（空腹血糖受损和/或糖耐量受损）的患病率分别为 8.3%、12.8%、8.1%和 14.6%。多因素逻辑回归分析显示，年龄、男性、糖尿病家族史、城市居住、腹型肥胖、全身性肥胖、高血压和收入状况与糖尿病显著相关。空腹血糖受损的显著危险因素是年龄、糖尿病家族史、腹型肥胖、高血压和收入状况。
结论/解释：我们估计，2011 年，马哈拉施特拉邦将有 600 万人患有糖尿病，920 万人患有糖尿病前期，泰米尔纳德邦将有 480 万人患有糖尿病，390 万人患有糖尿病前期，恰蒂斯加尔邦将有 96 万人患有糖尿病，150 万人患有糖尿病前期，昌迪加尔邦将有 12 万人患有糖尿病，13 万人患有糖尿病前期。印度全国的预测结果将是 6240 万人患有糖尿病，7720 万人患有糖尿病前期。
