Noto Christopher, Pappagallo Marco
Department of Anesthesiology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
Methods Mol Biol. 2010;617:539-54. doi: 10.1007/978-1-60327-323-7_39.
This chapter seeks to provide a concise overview of the pharmacologic armamentarium available to treat pain. Drugs will be discussed in terms of their indications, mechanisms of action, and major side effects. For the purposes of this chapter, analgesics will be divided into two groups: current and emerging; current analgesics will be further subdivided into older analgesics and newer analgesics. Older analgesics will refer to drugs that have had FDA approval or were used off label for pain before 1990. Newer analgesics will refer to drugs developed or approved for treating pain since 1990. Finally, emerging analgesics will refer to drugs that have pre-clinical data or phase I/II data to suggest efficacy in treating pain but have not been validated by larger Phase III clinical trials. The chapter concludes with a chart that seeks to highlight current problems involved in pain pharmacotherapy.
本章旨在简要概述可用于治疗疼痛的药物库。将根据药物的适应症、作用机制和主要副作用进行讨论。为了本章的目的，镇痛药将分为两类：现有药物和新兴药物；现有镇痛药将进一步细分为旧镇痛药和新镇痛药。旧镇痛药是指已获得美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）批准或在1990年之前被用于治疗疼痛的非标签药物。新镇痛药是指自1990年以来开发或批准用于治疗疼痛的药物。最后，新兴镇痛药是指具有临床前数据或I/II期数据表明在治疗疼痛方面有效的药物，但尚未通过更大规模的III期临床试验验证。本章最后列出了一个图表，旨在突出疼痛药物治疗中目前存在的问题。
