加拿大魁北克的性别、年龄、贫困与预期寿命模式：基于人口的研究。
Sex, age, deprivation and patterns in life expectancy in Quebec, Canada: a population-based study.
机构信息
Etudes et analyses de l'état de santé de la population, Institut national de santé publique du Québec, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
出版信息
BMC Public Health. 2010 Mar 25;10(1):161. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-10-161.
BACKGROUND
Little research has evaluated disparities in life expectancy according to material deprivation taking into account differences across the lifespan between men and women. This study investigated age- and sex-specific life expectancy differentials related to area-level material deprivation for the province of Québec, Canada from 1989-2004.
METHODS
Age- and sex-specific life expectancy across the lifespan was calculated for three periods (1989-1992, 1995-1998, and 2001-2004) for the entire Québec population residing in 162 community groupings ranked according to decile of material deprivation. Absolute and relative measures were calculated to summarize differences between the most and least deprived deciles.
RESULTS
Life expectancy differentials between the most and least deprived deciles were greatest for men. Over time, male differentials increased for age 20 or more, with little change occurring at younger ages. For women, differentials increased across the lifespan and were comparable to men at advanced ages. Despite gains in life expectancy among men relative to women, differentials between men and women were greater for most deprived relative to least deprived deciles.
CONCLUSIONS
Similar to the US, differentials in life expectancy associated with area-level material deprivation increased steadily in Québec from 1989-2004 for males and females of all ages. Differentials were comparable between men and women at advanced ages. Previous research indicating that life expectancy differentials between most and least deprived areas are greater in men may be due to a focus on younger age groups.
背景
鲜有研究评估考虑到两性在一生中的差异后，按物质剥夺程度划分的预期寿命差异。本研究调查了加拿大魁北克省从 1989 年至 2004 年按地区物质剥夺程度划分的、与年龄和性别相关的预期寿命差异。
方法
对居住在按物质剥夺程度分为十个等级的 162 个社区组的整个魁北克人群，计算了三个时期（1989-1992 年、1995-1998 年和 2001-2004 年）的全生命周期的年龄和性别特异性预期寿命。使用绝对和相对指标来总结最富裕和最贫困十等分组之间的差异。
结果
最富裕和最贫困十等分组之间的预期寿命差异在男性中最大。随着时间的推移，20 岁及以上男性的差异不断增加，而年轻男性的差异变化不大。对于女性，一生中的差异不断增加，在老年时与男性相当。尽管男性的预期寿命相对于女性有所提高，但在最贫困的十等分组中，男性和女性之间的差异大于最富裕的十等分组。
结论
与美国相似，1989 年至 2004 年，魁北克所有年龄段的男性和女性的预期寿命与地区物质剥夺程度相关的差异稳步增加。在老年时，男性和女性之间的差异相当。先前的研究表明，最富裕和最贫困地区之间的预期寿命差异在男性中更大，这可能是由于研究重点放在了年轻人群上。
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