Dick F D, Semple S E, van Tongeren M, Miller B G, Ritchie P, Sherriff D, Cherrie J W
Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Population Health Section, Division of Applied Health Sciences, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK.
Ann Occup Hyg. 2010 Jun;54(4):443-52. doi: 10.1093/annhyg/meq014. Epub 2010 Mar 25.
Pesticides have been associated with increased risks for a range of conditions including Parkinson's disease, but identifying the agents responsible has proven challenging. Improved pesticide exposure estimates would increase the power of epidemiological studies to detect such an association if one exists.
Categories of pesticide use were identified from the tasks reported in a previous community-based case-control study in Scotland. Typical pesticides used in each task in each decade were identified from published scientific and grey literature and from expert interviews, with the number of potential agents collapsed into 10 groups of pesticides. A pesticide usage database was then created, using the task list and the typical pesticide groups employed in those tasks across seven decades spanning the period 1945-2005. Information about the method of application and concentration of pesticides used in these tasks was then incorporated into the database.
A list was generated of 81 tasks involving pesticide exposure in Scotland covering seven decades producing a total of 846 task per pesticide per decade combinations. A Task-Exposure Matrix for PESTicides (TEMPEST) was produced by two occupational hygienists who quantified the likely probability and intensity of inhalation and dermal exposures for each pesticide group for a given use during each decade.
TEMPEST provides a basis for assessing exposures to specific pesticide groups in Scotland covering the period 1945-2005. The methods used to develop TEMPEST could be used in a retrospective assessment of occupational exposure to pesticides for Scottish epidemiological studies or adapted for use in other countries.
农药与包括帕金森病在内的一系列疾病风险增加有关，但确定致病因素颇具挑战性。如果存在关联，改进农药暴露估计将增强流行病学研究检测这种关联的能力。
从苏格兰先前一项基于社区的病例对照研究报告的任务中确定农药使用类别。通过已发表的科学文献、灰色文献以及专家访谈，确定每个十年中每项任务所使用的典型农药，将潜在的农药种类归纳为10组。然后利用任务清单以及1945年至2005年这七十年间各项任务中使用的典型农药组创建了一个农药使用数据库。随后将这些任务中农药的施用方法和使用浓度信息纳入该数据库。
生成了一份涉及苏格兰七十年间农药暴露的81项任务清单，每个十年每种农药产生的任务组合总计846个。两名职业卫生学家编制了一份农药任务暴露矩阵（TEMPEST），量化了每个十年中特定用途下每个农药组吸入和皮肤暴露的可能概率和强度。
TEMPEST为评估1945年至2005年期间苏格兰特定农药组的暴露情况提供了依据。用于编制TEMPEST的方法可用于对苏格兰流行病学研究中农药职业暴露进行回顾性评估，或经改编后用于其他国家。
