Department of Geography, University of Málaga, E-29071 Málaga, Spain.
J Environ Manage. 2010 Jul;91(7):1500-10. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2010.02.025. Epub 2010 Mar 25.
The vulnerability of four European aquifers with different hydrogeological and climatic characteristics was evaluated using the COP method. The results obtained were statistically analyzed by determination coefficients to measure which factor has greater importance in the vulnerability index. Furthermore, a new parameter has been designed to measure the vulnerability for the whole of the aquifer. The results demonstrate that COP is a useful method to assess the vulnerability of the test sites under consideration. The results obtained are coherent with the conceptual model of each pilot aquifer and the available hydrogeological information (hydrographs, isotopic data, tracer tests). Fissured carbonate aquifers (diffuse flow systems) are less vulnerable than karst aquifers (conduit flow systems) and the vulnerability index is more positively correlated with the O factor (unsaturated zone protection capacity) in the first case. The karst aquifers are more vulnerable than fissured aquifers and they show a higher correlation between the C factor (karst features) and the vulnerability index. Climatic variation (precipitation for example) influences the final vulnerability index of the aquifers according to the weight in the index and the spatial distribution.
采用 COP 方法对具有不同水文地质和气候特征的四个欧洲含水层的脆弱性进行了评估。通过确定系数对获得的结果进行了统计分析，以衡量哪个因素对脆弱性指数具有更大的重要性。此外，还设计了一个新的参数来衡量整个含水层的脆弱性。结果表明，COP 是评估研究区试验点脆弱性的一种有用方法。所得结果与每个试点含水层的概念模型和可用的水文地质信息（水位图、同位素数据、示踪剂测试）一致。裂隙碳酸盐含水层（弥散流系统）的脆弱性低于岩溶含水层（管道流系统），在前者中，脆弱性指数与 O 因子（非饱和带保护能力）呈正相关。岩溶含水层比裂隙含水层更脆弱，C 因子（岩溶特征）与脆弱性指数之间的相关性更高。气候变异（如降水）根据指数中的权重和空间分布影响含水层的最终脆弱性指数。
