Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
Food Chem Toxicol. 2010 Jun;48(6):1619-26. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2010.03.035. Epub 2010 Mar 27.
Bitter melon (Momordica charantia) contains a variety of potentially bioactive compounds which includes two classes of saponins known as cucurbitane and oleanane-type triterpenoids. A bitter melon (BM) extract was investigated for the potential to reduce cell viability, reduce lipid accumulation in differentiating 3T3-L1 cells and affect subsequent adiponectin expression. BM extract contained at least five different triterpenoids and reduced preadipocyte viability with an LC50 concentration after 24h determined to be 0.402+/-0.04 mg/mL, 0.314+/-0.01 mg/mL for 48 h and 0.310+/-0.01 mg/mL for 72 h. BM treatment increased the release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) from cells and significantly (p<0.05) increased cells in the G2/M while reducing cells in the G1 phase of the cell cycle. BM treatment of 3T3-L1 cells resulted in a decreased in lipid accumulation and significantly (p<0.05) decreased intracellular triglyceride amount compared to untreated control cells. PPARgamma expression was significantly (p<0.05) down-regulated. Adiponectin expression was significantly (p<0.05) decreased after 12 and 24h of treatment and was increased in response to troglitazone, a positive control. BM extract reduced preadipocyte proliferation by a G2/M arrest of the cell cycle and reduced lipid accumulation of the adipocyte.
苦瓜(Momordica charantia)含有多种潜在的生物活性化合物,包括两类皂甙,分别称为葫芦烷和齐墩果烷型三萜。苦瓜(BM)提取物被研究用于降低细胞活力,减少分化的 3T3-L1 细胞中的脂质积累,并影响随后的脂联素表达。BM 提取物至少含有五种不同的三萜,并且在 24 小时后降低前脂肪细胞活力,LC50 浓度为 0.402+/-0.04mg/mL,48 小时后为 0.314+/-0.01mg/mL,72 小时后为 0.310+/-0.01mg/mL。BM 处理增加了细胞培养液中乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)的释放,并显著(p<0.05)增加了 G2/M 期的细胞数量,同时减少了细胞周期 G1 期的细胞数量。BM 处理 3T3-L1 细胞导致脂质积累减少,与未处理的对照细胞相比,细胞内三酰甘油含量显著(p<0.05)减少。PPARgamma 表达显著(p<0.05)下调。脂联素表达在处理 12 和 24 小时后显著(p<0.05)降低,并对曲格列酮(阳性对照)作出反应而增加。BM 提取物通过细胞周期的 G2/M 期阻滞减少前脂肪细胞增殖,并减少脂肪细胞的脂质积累。