Division of Food Bioscience, College of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea.
School of Bio-Science and Food Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130-600, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Sep 4;16(18):3251. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16183251.
(), commonly known as bitter gourd, bitter melon, kugua, balsam pear, or karela, is a tropical and sub-tropical vine belonging to the Cucurbitaceae family. It has been used to treat a variety of diseases in the traditional medicine of China, India, and Sri Lanka. Here, we review the anti-obesity effects of various bioactive components of established at the cellular and organismal level. We aim to provide links between various bioactive components of and their anti-obesity mechanism. An advanced search was conducted on the worldwide accepted scientific databases via electronic search (Google Scholar, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, ACS Publications, PubMed, Wiley Online Library, SciFinder, CNKI) database with the query TS = "Momordica charantia" and "obesity". Information was also obtained from International Plant Names Index, Chinese Pharmacopoeia, Chinese herbal classic books, online databases, PhD and MSc dissertations, etc. First, studies showing the anti-obesity effects of on the cells and on animals were classified. The major bioactive components that showed anti-obesity activities included proteins, triterpenoids, saponins, phenolics, and conjugated linolenic acids. Their mechanisms included inhibition of fat synthesis, promotion of glucose utilization, and stimulation of auxiliary lipid-lowering activity. Finally, we summarized the risks of excessive consumption of and the application. Although further research is necessary to explore various issues, this review establishes the therapeutic potential of and it is highly promising candidate for the development of anti-obesity health products and medicines.
苦瓜，通常被称为苦瓜、苦瓜、苦瓜、苦瓜或苦瓜，是一种属于葫芦科的热带和亚热带藤本植物。在中国、印度和斯里兰卡的传统医学中，它被用于治疗各种疾病。在这里，我们综述了各种生物活性成分在细胞和机体水平上对肥胖的治疗作用。我们旨在提供苦瓜各种生物活性成分与其抗肥胖机制之间的联系。通过电子搜索（Google Scholar、Web of Science、ScienceDirect、ACS Publications、PubMed、Wiley Online Library、SciFinder、CNKI）在全球公认的科学数据库上进行了高级搜索，查询词为 TS = "Momordica charantia" 和 "obesity"。还从国际植物命名索引、中国药典、中草药经典书籍、在线数据库、博士和硕士论文等获取信息。首先，对显示苦瓜对细胞和动物的抗肥胖作用的研究进行了分类。表现出抗肥胖活性的主要生物活性成分包括蛋白质、三萜类、皂苷、酚类和共轭亚油酸。它们的机制包括抑制脂肪合成、促进葡萄糖利用和刺激辅助降脂活性。最后，我们总结了过量食用苦瓜的风险和应用。尽管还需要进一步研究来探讨各种问题，但本综述确立了苦瓜的治疗潜力，它是开发抗肥胖保健品和药物的极具前景的候选物。
