Kostandov E A, Farber D A, Machinskaia R I, Cheremushkin E A, Petrenko N E, Ashkinazi M L
Zh Vyssh Nerv Deiat Im I P Pavlova. 2010 Jan-Feb;60(1):3-11.
Visual cognitive set was studied in two groups of 8-year-old children: with normal development of fronto-thalamic system (FTS) (n = 21) and with functional immaturity of this system (n = 29). In most of the children with the FTS-immaturity a formed visual set was rigid. EEG was recorded from the frontal, central, temporal, parietal and occipital regions, and coherence function in theta-, alpha- and beta-bands was analyzed. The most vivid differences between two groups of children were revealed at the set actualization stage. If the set was a plastic one, the value of coherence function between frontal and dorsal areas was higher in children with FTS-immaturity, than in "normal" ones. In the group with FTS-immaturity the dependence of coherence function on the set's plasticity was more vivid, than in children without FTS-immaturity. In all children with a rigid set value of coherence function was higher during set formation, actualization and extinction, than at resting condition with eyes opened. In the group with FTS-immaturity the coherence of theta-band considerably increased at the set actualization stage, mainly in the right hemisphere. We consider this to be the evidence of a comparatively bigger role of cortico-hippocampal system and implicit episodic memory the set shifting. Probably these processes compensate the FTS-dysfunction and make a set more plastic.
对两组8岁儿童的视觉认知定势进行了研究：一组是额丘脑系统（FTS）发育正常的儿童（n = 21），另一组是该系统功能不成熟的儿童（n = 29）。在大多数FTS不成熟的儿童中，已形成的视觉定势是刻板的。从额叶、中央、颞叶、顶叶和枕叶区域记录脑电图，并分析θ波、α波和β波频段的相干函数。两组儿童之间最显著的差异出现在定势实现阶段。如果定势是可塑性的，FTS不成熟的儿童额叶和背侧区域之间的相干函数值高于“正常”儿童。在FTS不成熟的组中，相干函数对定势可塑性的依赖性比FTS未不成熟的儿童更明显。在所有具有刻板定势的儿童中，相干函数在定势形成、实现和消退期间的值高于睁眼静息状态。在FTS不成熟的组中，θ波频段的相干性在定势实现阶段显著增加，主要在右半球。我们认为这证明了皮质-海马系统和内隐情景记忆在定势转换中发挥了相对更大的作用。可能这些过程补偿了FTS功能障碍并使定势更具可塑性。
