Taylor J P, Istre G R, McChesney T C, Satalowich F T, Parker R L, McFarland L M
Epidemiology Division, Texas Department of Health, Austin 78756-3199.
Am J Epidemiol. 1991 May 15;133(10):1032-8. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a115812.
From 1981 through 1987, a total of 1,041 cases of tularemia in humans were reported in Arkansas, Kansas, Louisiana, Missouri, Oklahoma, and Texas; this represents 60% of the cases reported in the United States during this same time period. The state of Arkansas reported the highest total (420 cases). Annual incidence rates per one million population ranged from 36.3 in Arkansas to less than 5.0 in Kansas, Louisiana, and Texas. Epidemiologic data were available for 1,026 cases. The majority of cases were white (88%) and male (75%). May, June, and July were the months of onset of symptoms for 52% of the cases. For the cases with known exposure history, 63% reported an attached tick and 23% had exposure to rabbits. Other animals associated with human infection were squirrels, cats, and raccoons. The case-fatality ratio was 2%. Public health efforts to prevent human tularemia cases in the six southwest-central states should focus on reducing exposure to ticks.
1981年至1987年期间，阿肯色州、堪萨斯州、路易斯安那州、密苏里州、俄克拉何马州和得克萨斯州共报告了1041例人间兔热病病例；这占同期美国报告病例数的60%。阿肯色州报告的病例总数最高（420例）。每百万人口的年发病率从阿肯色州的36.3例到堪萨斯州、路易斯安那州和得克萨斯州的不到5.0例不等。有1026例病例的流行病学数据。大多数病例为白人（88%）和男性（75%）。52%的病例症状在5月、6月和7月出现。对于有已知暴露史的病例，63%报告有蜱叮咬史，23%曾接触过兔子。与人类感染相关的其他动物有松鼠、猫和浣熊。病死率为2%。在西南部中部六个州预防人间兔热病病例的公共卫生工作应侧重于减少蜱暴露。
