Rohrbach B W, Westerman E, Istre G R
Epidemiology Service, Oklahoma State Department of Health, Oklahoma City.
South Med J. 1991 Sep;84(9):1091-6. doi: 10.1097/00007611-199109000-00008.
We studied the clinical and epidemiologic characteristics of tularemia in 165 Oklahomans from 1979 to 1985. The ulceroglandular form of the disease was most common (60%), followed by typhoidal (18%), glandular (15%), oropharyngeal (7%), and oculoglandular (1%) forms. The male-female ratio was 3.7:1, and the highest rates of disease were found in the age groups 5 to 14, 35 to 44, and 55 to 74. Ticks were most frequently implicated as the source of infection (84/154 [55%]), followed by rabbits, (58/154 [38%]). Seventy percent of the patients were hospitalized, and four (2.5%) died. The annual number of patients who reported that rabbits were their probable source of exposure to Francisella tularensis and the estimated number of rabbits harvested (ie, killed by hunters) for the year correlated closely with the total number of cases reported from year to year.
我们研究了1979年至1985年间165名俄克拉荷马州居民兔热病的临床和流行病学特征。该病的溃疡腺体型最为常见（60%），其次是伤寒型（18%）、腺体型（15%）、口咽型（7%）和眼腺体型（1%）。男女比例为3.7:1，发病率最高的年龄组为5至14岁、35至44岁和55至74岁。蜱虫最常被认为是感染源（84/154 [55%]），其次是兔子（58/154 [38%]）。70%的患者住院治疗，4人（2.5%）死亡。每年报告兔子可能是其感染土拉弗朗西斯菌暴露源的患者数量以及当年估计的兔子捕获量（即被猎人捕杀的兔子数量）与逐年报告的病例总数密切相关。
