Wageningen University and Research-Greenhouse Horticulture, 2665 MV Bleiswijk, the Netherlands.
J Sci Food Agric. 2010 Apr 15;90(5):906-13. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.3902.
Iodine is an essential trace element for humans. Two billion individuals have insufficient iodine intake. Biofortification of vegetables with iodine offers an excellent opportunity to increase iodine intake by humans. The main aim was to study the effect of iodine form and concentration in the nutrient solution on growth, development and iodine uptake of lettuce, grown in water culture.
In both a winter and summer trial, dose rates of 0, 13, 39, 65, and 90 or 129 microg iodine L(-1), applied as iodate (IO(3)(-)) or iodide (I(-)), did not affect plant biomass, produce quality or water uptake. Increases in iodine concentration significantly enhanced iodine content in the plant. Iodine contents in plant tissue were up to five times higher with I(-) than with IO(3)(-). Iodine was mainly distributed to the outer leaves. The highest iodide dose rates in both trials resulted in 653 and 764 microg iodine kg(-1) total leaf fresh weight.
Biofortification of lettuce with iodine is easily applicable in a hydroponic growing system, both with I(-) and IO(3)(-). I(-) was more effective than IO(3)(-). Fifty grams of iodine-biofortified lettuce would provide, respectively, 22% and 25% of the recommended daily allowance of iodine for adolescents and adults.
碘是人体必需的微量元素。有 20 亿人碘摄入量不足。蔬菜的碘生物强化为人类增加碘摄入量提供了极好的机会。主要目的是研究营养液中碘的形态和浓度对水培生菜生长、发育和碘吸收的影响。
在冬季和夏季的试验中，以碘酸盐（IO3(-)）或碘化物（I(-)）形式，0、13、39、65 和 90 或 129 μg 碘/L 的剂量率均未影响植物生物量、产量或水分吸收。碘浓度的增加显著提高了植物中的碘含量。与 IO3(-)相比，I(-)使植物组织中的碘含量增加了五倍。碘主要分布在外部叶片中。两个试验中最高的碘化物剂量率导致叶片新鲜重量的总碘含量分别达到 653 和 764 μg/kg。
在水培种植系统中，通过碘生物强化可轻松实现生菜的碘强化，I(-)和 IO3(-)均可。I(-)比 IO3(-)更有效。食用 50 克碘强化生菜，可分别为青少年和成年人提供推荐日摄入量的 22%和 25%的碘。
