Okuno T
National Institute of Industrial Health, Kawasaki, Japan.
Ann Occup Hyg. 1991 Feb;35(1):1-12. doi: 10.1093/annhyg/35.1.1.
Cataracts occur frequently among workers who deal with hot material such as molten glass or steel, as a result of exposure to intense infra-red radiation (i.r.) emitted from it. To investigate this hazard, a theoretical model of the human eye being exposed to i.r. was developed, and the temperature distributions within it were calculated. It is suggested that i.r. cataracts in the workplace result from the generation of heat by absorption of i.r. in the cornea and heat conduction to the lens. The threshold i.r. irradiances for cataract formation were determined from the relationship between the incident irradiance and the lens temperature, and were in the range 163-178 mW cm-2 for long-term exposures (greater than about 5 min) under normal conditions. However, these values may be reduced by 50% for workers who perform heavy work at a high ambient temperature. It may be possible to set i.r. exposure limits in the workplace based on these threshold data.
白内障在处理诸如熔融玻璃或钢铁等热材料的工人中频繁出现，这是由于暴露于这些材料发出的强烈红外线辐射（i.r.）所致。为了研究这种危害，开发了一个人眼暴露于红外线辐射的理论模型，并计算了其中的温度分布。研究表明，工作场所的红外线白内障是由角膜吸收红外线产生热量并传导至晶状体所致。根据入射辐照度与晶状体温度之间的关系确定了形成白内障的阈值红外线辐照度，在正常条件下长期暴露（大于约5分钟）时，该阈值范围为163 - 178 mW/cm²。然而，对于在高温环境下从事重体力劳动的工人，这些值可能会降低50%。基于这些阈值数据，有可能在工作场所设定红外线暴露限值。
