Department of Periodontology, The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2010 Mar-Apr;25(2):329-35.
Implants placed in fresh extraction sites and healed sites were restored simultaneously by cross-arch provisional fixed prostheses. Clinical and radiographic parameters were recorded for up to 36 months.
Treatment with a full-arch implant prosthesis, either screw-retained or cemented, was assigned to 54 patients. A total of 676 implants were placed in either immediate extraction sites (n = 367) or in healed alveoli (n = 309), followed by placement of a one-piece provisional prosthesis. The definitive restoration was placed 3 to 6 months after implant placement. Clinical parameters were recorded and digital radiographs obtained at 6, 18, and 36 months. The chi-square test, t test, and analysis of variance with repeated measures were used for statistical analysis of the outcomes.
Osseointegration failed in 21 (3.1%) implants; 13 of these (62%) had been placed immediately after extraction. All occurred within 2 months of the surgical healing phase. Short (8-mm) and narrow (3.3-mm) implant configurations were significantly (P < .05) associated with failure. At 6, 18, and 36 months, average crestal bone resorption was 0.18 mm, 0.55 mm, and 0.79 mm for implants placed in fresh extraction sites and 0.31 mm, 0.78 mm, and 1.1 mm for implants placed in healed alveoli, respectively. These differences were statistically significant (P < .05 between sites at all examined periods). Crestal bone resorption also correlated to sites with simultaneous bone augmentation and implant placement.
Implants placed and restored immediately in a cross-arch mode, whether in extraction sites or in healed alveoli, can be clinically successful and maintainable.
通过交叉拱形临时固定义齿，同时对放置在新鲜拔牙窝和愈合部位的种植体进行修复。记录长达 36 个月的临床和影像学参数。
将全弓种植体修复体（螺钉固位或粘结固位）分配给 54 名患者。共在即刻拔牙窝（n=367）或愈合牙槽窝（n=309）中放置 676 枚种植体，然后放置一体式临时义齿。在种植体放置后 3 至 6 个月放置最终修复体。记录临床参数，并在 6、18 和 36 个月时获得数字射线照片。使用卡方检验、t 检验和重复测量方差分析对结果进行统计分析。
21 枚（3.1%）种植体发生骨整合失败；其中 13 枚（62%）在拔牙后立即植入。所有这些都发生在手术愈合阶段后的 2 个月内。短（8 毫米）和窄（3.3 毫米）的种植体构型与失败显著相关（P<0.05）。在 6、18 和 36 个月时，放置在新鲜拔牙窝中的种植体的平均牙槽嵴骨吸收量分别为 0.18、0.55 和 0.79 毫米，放置在愈合牙槽窝中的种植体分别为 0.31、0.78 和 1.1 毫米。这些差异在所有检查期间均具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。牙槽嵴骨吸收也与同时进行骨增量和种植体放置的部位相关。
以交叉拱形模式立即植入和修复的种植体，无论是在拔牙窝还是愈合牙槽窝中，都可以临床成功并具有可维护性。
