Laboratory of Research of Musculoskeletal System Th. Garofalidis, University of Athens, KAT Hospital, 10 Athinas Street, Kifissia, 14561 Athens, Greece.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2010 Jun;95(6):2755-62. doi: 10.1210/jc.2009-2382. Epub 2010 Apr 7.
Weight-bearing exercise during growth exerts positive effects on the skeleton. Our objective was to test the hypothesis that long-term elite rhythmic gymnastics exerts positive effects on volumetric bone mineral density and geometry and to determine whether exercise-induced bone adaptation is associated with increased periosteal bone formation or medullary contraction using tibial peripheral quantitative computed tomography and bone turnover markers.
We conducted a cross-sectional study at a tertiary center.
We studied 26 elite premenarcheal female rhythmic gymnasts (RG) and 23 female controls, aged 9-13 yr.
We measured bone age, volumetric bone mineral density, bone mineral content (BMC), cortical thickness, cortical and trabecular area, and polar stress strength index (SSIp) by peripheral quantitative computed tomography of the left tibia proximal to the distal metaphysis (trabecular) at 14, 38 (cortical), and 66% (muscle mass) from the distal end and bone turnover markers.
The two groups were comparable according to height and chronological and bone age. After weight adjustment, cortical BMC, area, and thickness at 38% were significantly higher in RG (P < 0.005-0.001). Periosteal circumference, SSIp, and muscle area were higher in RG (P < 0.01-0.001). Muscle area was significantly associated with cortical BMC, area, and SSIp, whereas years of training showed positive association with cortical BMC, area, and thickness independent of chronological age.
RG in premenarcheal girls may induce positive adaptations on the skeleton, especially in cortical bone. Increased duration of exercise is associated with a positive response of bone geometry.
生长过程中的负重运动对骨骼有积极影响。我们的目的是检验以下假设，即长期的精英艺术体操对体积骨矿物质密度和骨几何形状有积极影响，并确定运动引起的骨适应是否与增加骨皮质形成或骨髓腔缩小有关，使用胫骨外周定量计算机断层扫描和骨转换标志物。
我们在一家三级中心进行了一项横断面研究。
我们研究了 26 名精英青春期前女性艺术体操运动员（RG）和 23 名年龄在 9-13 岁的女性对照组。
我们通过左侧胫骨近端至远侧干骺端（松质骨）的外周定量计算机断层扫描测量骨龄、体积骨矿物质密度、骨矿物质含量（BMC）、皮质厚度、皮质和松质骨面积以及极向骨强度指数（SSIp），并测量骨转换标志物。
两组在身高、年龄和骨龄方面具有可比性。在体重调整后，RG 在 38%处的皮质 BMC、面积和厚度显著更高（P < 0.005-0.001）。RG 的骨皮质周长、SSIp 和肌肉面积更高（P < 0.01-0.001）。肌肉面积与皮质 BMC、面积和 SSIp 显著相关，而训练年限与皮质 BMC、面积和厚度呈正相关，与年龄无关。
青春期前女孩的 RG 可能会对骨骼产生积极的适应，尤其是在皮质骨。运动时间的增加与骨几何形状的积极反应有关。
