Institut National de la santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité 862, Neurocentre Magendie, Neurogenesis and Pathophysiology Group, 33077 Bordeaux, France.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010 Apr 27;107(17):7963-8. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0914613107. Epub 2010 Apr 7.
Neurogenesis in the hippocampus is characterized by the birth of thousand of cells that generate neurons throughout life. The fate of these adult newborn neurons depends on life experiences. In particular, spatial learning promotes the survival and death of new neurons. Whether learning influences the development of the dendritic tree of the surviving neurons (a key parameter for synaptic integration and signal processing) is unknown. Here we show that learning accelerates the maturation of their dendritic trees and their integration into the hippocampal network. We demonstrate that these learning effects on dendritic arbors are homeostatically regulated, persist for several months, and are specific to neurons born during adulthood. Finally, we show that this dendritic shaping depends on the cognitive demand and relies on the activation of NMDA receptors. In the search for the structural changes underlying long-term memory, these findings lead to the conclusion that shaping neo-networks is important in forming spatial memories.
海马体中的神经发生的特征是一生中会产生数千个产生神经元的细胞。这些成年新生神经元的命运取决于生活经历。特别是，空间学习促进了新神经元的存活和死亡。学习是否会影响存活神经元树突的发育（突触整合和信号处理的关键参数）尚不清楚。在这里，我们表明学习会加速它们的树突的成熟及其整合到海马体网络中。我们证明，这些对树突分支的学习效应是由自身平衡调节的，可持续数月，并且仅针对成年时产生的神经元起作用。最后，我们表明这种树突的塑造取决于认知需求，并依赖于 NMDA 受体的激活。在寻找长期记忆的结构变化时，这些发现得出的结论是，形成新的神经网络对于形成空间记忆很重要。
