调节幼儿眨眼频率的因素。
Factors regulating eye blink rate in young infants.
作者信息
Bacher Leigh F
机构信息
Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Oswego, Oswego, New York 13126, USA.
出版信息
Optom Vis Sci. 2010 May;87(5):337-43. doi: 10.1097/OPX.0b013e3181d951b2.
PURPOSE
The purpose of this work was to investigate whether individual differences in eye surface area are related to the rate of spontaneous eye blinking (SB) in young infants. Rate of SB was also compared with the rate of gaze shifts.
METHODS
Forty-four 4-month-old infants were observed under controlled conditions for 4 to 6 min. SB, eye surface area, gaze shifts, and various background variables were measured.
RESULTS
Individual differences in the rate of SB and in eye surface area were wide. Neither the eye surface area nor the rate of gaze shifting was related to the rate of SB in young infants. However, when SB do occur, they are more likely to coincide with a shift in gaze than immediately precede or follow a shift in gaze.
CONCLUSIONS
Eye surface area does not explain individual differences in the rate of SB in infancy. This and other recent work suggests that central factors may play a more prominent role in the mechanisms of SB early in human development than previously reported and that the mechanisms regulating the rate of SB seem to be developmentally continuous with those of adults. To the extent that the rate and timing of SB reflects developing neurological systems, SB may be useful clinically.
目的
本研究旨在探讨眼表面积的个体差异是否与幼儿的自发眨眼（SB）速率相关。同时，还将SB速率与注视转移速率进行了比较。
方法
在可控条件下对44名4个月大的婴儿进行了4至6分钟的观察。测量了SB、眼表面积、注视转移以及各种背景变量。
结果
SB速率和眼表面积的个体差异很大。在幼儿中，眼表面积和注视转移速率均与SB速率无关。然而，当SB确实发生时，它们更有可能与注视转移同时出现，而不是在注视转移之前或之后立即发生。
结论
眼表面积并不能解释婴儿期SB速率的个体差异。这项研究以及其他近期研究表明，在人类发育早期，中枢因素在SB机制中可能比以前报道的发挥更突出的作用，并且调节SB速率的机制似乎在发育过程中与成年人的机制是连续的。就SB的速率和时间反映神经系统发育而言，SB在临床上可能是有用的。
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