Arduino M J, Bland L A, Aguero S M, Carson L, Ridgeway M, Favero M S
Nosocomial Infections Laboratory Branch, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia 30333.
J Clin Microbiol. 1991 Mar;29(3):592-4. doi: 10.1128/jcm.29.3.592-594.1991.
To help prevent pyrogenic reactions and bacteremia in hemodialysis patients, the Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation and the Centers for Disease Control recommend microbiologic assay of hemodialysis fluids at least monthly. Five commercially available assay systems were evaluated by using the membrane filtration technique with standard methods agar and trypticase soy agar as the standards for comparison. Each assay system was challenged with dialysate and reverse-osmosis water from local dialysis centers, aqueous suspensions of eight laboratory strains of gram-negative bacilli and nontuberculous mycobacteria, and a mixed microbial flora inoculated into reverse-osmosis water and laboratory-prepared dialysate. Mean viable counts from triplicate samples were obtained after incubation at 37 degrees C for up to 72 h. The efficiency of recovery varied with the specific type of microbial challenge. The SPC water sampler (Millipore Corp., Bedford, Mass.) was the most consistent in obtaining the highest viable counts. Other commercial systems were comparable to each other in overall performance. All assay systems tested provided an acceptable balance between microbial recovery and required sampling time, equipment, and expertise.
为帮助预防血液透析患者发生热原反应和菌血症，医疗仪器促进协会和疾病控制中心建议至少每月对血液透析液进行微生物检测。使用膜过滤技术，以标准方法琼脂和胰蛋白酶大豆琼脂作为比较标准，对五种市售检测系统进行了评估。每个检测系统都用来自当地透析中心的透析液和反渗透水、八种革兰氏阴性杆菌和非结核分枝杆菌实验室菌株的水悬液，以及接种到反渗透水和实验室制备的透析液中的混合微生物菌群进行了挑战。在37℃下孵育长达72小时后，获得了一式三份样品的平均活菌数。回收率因微生物挑战的具体类型而异。SPC水采样器（密理博公司，马萨诸塞州贝德福德）在获得最高活菌数方面最为一致。其他商业系统在总体性能上彼此相当。所有测试的检测系统在微生物回收率与所需采样时间、设备和专业知识之间都提供了可接受的平衡。
