Talbalaghi A, Moutailler S, Vazeille M, Failloux A-B
Mosquito Control District of Alessandria, Bologna, Italy.
Med Vet Entomol. 2010 Mar;24(1):83-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2915.2009.00853.x.
The Asian tiger mosquito Aedes albopictus (Skuse) (Diptera: Culicidae), native to Southeast Asia, has extended its geographical distribution to invade new temperate and tropical regions. This species was introduced in 1990 to Italy and has since become the main pest in urban settings. It was incriminated as a principal vector in the first European outbreak of chikungunya virus (CHIKV) in the province of Ravenna (Italy) in 2007. This outbreak was associated with CHIKV E1-226V, efficiently transmitted by Ae. albopictus. The occurrence of this outbreak in a temperate country led us to estimate the potential of Ae. albopictus to transmit CHIKV and dengue virus (DENV), and to determine the susceptibility to CHIKV of other mosquito species collected in northern Italy. Experimental infections showed that Ae. albopictus exhibited high disseminated infection rates for CHIKV (75.0% in Alessandria; 90.3% in San Lazzaro) and low disseminated infection rates for DENV-2 (14.3% in San Lazzaro; 38.5% in Alessandria). Moreover, Ae. albopictus was able to attain a high level of viral replication, with CHIKV detectable in the salivary glands at day 2 after infection. In addition, the other three mosquito species, Anopheles maculipennis Meigen, Aedes vexans vexans (Meigen) and Culex pipiens L., showed variable susceptibilities to infection with CHIKV, of 0%, 7.7% and 0-33%, respectively. This information on vector competence is crucial in assessing the risk for an outbreak of CHIKV or DENV in Italy.
亚洲虎蚊白纹伊蚊（Skuse）（双翅目：蚊科）原产于东南亚，现已扩大其地理分布范围，侵入新的温带和热带地区。该物种于1990年被引入意大利，此后成为城市环境中的主要害虫。在2007年意大利拉文纳省首次爆发的基孔肯雅病毒（CHIKV）疫情中，它被认定为主要传播媒介。此次疫情与CHIKV E1 - 226V有关，该毒株能被白纹伊蚊有效传播。在一个温带国家发生的这次疫情促使我们评估白纹伊蚊传播CHIKV和登革病毒（DENV）的潜力，并确定在意大利北部采集的其他蚊种对CHIKV的易感性。实验感染表明，白纹伊蚊对CHIKV表现出高传播感染率（亚历山德里亚为75.0%；圣拉扎罗为90.3%），对DENV - 2表现出低传播感染率（圣拉扎罗为14.3%；亚历山德里亚为38.5%）。此外，白纹伊蚊能够实现高水平的病毒复制，感染后第2天在唾液腺中可检测到CHIKV。另外，其他三种蚊种，即黄斑按蚊（Meigen）、骚扰阿蚊骚扰亚种（Meigen）和致倦库蚊（L.），对CHIKV感染的易感性各不相同，分别为0%、7.7%和0 - 33%。这些关于媒介能力的信息对于评估意大利发生CHIKV或DENV疫情的风险至关重要。
