Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
Neurosurg Clin N Am. 2010 Apr;21(2):339-52. doi: 10.1016/j.nec.2009.10.011.
Cerebral salt wasting (CSW) is a syndrome of hypovolemic hyponatremia caused by natriuresis and diuresis. The mechanisms underlying CSW have not been precisely delineated, although existing evidence strongly implicates abnormal elevations in circulating natriuretic peptides. The key in diagnosis of CSW lies in distinguishing it from the more common syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone. Volume status, but not serum and urine electrolytes and osmolality, is crucial for making this distinction. Volume and sodium repletion are the goals of treatment of patients with CSW, and this can be performed using some combination of isotonic saline, hypertonic saline, and mineralocorticoids.
脑性盐耗综合征（CSW）是一种由于利钠和利尿导致低血容量性低钠血症的综合征。CSW 的发病机制尚未明确，但现有证据强烈提示循环中利钠肽异常升高与此有关。CSW 的诊断关键在于将其与更常见的抗利尿激素分泌不当综合征区分开来。鉴别诊断的关键在于容量状态，而不是血清和尿液电解质及渗透压。CSW 患者的治疗目标是补充容量和钠，可通过使用等渗盐水、高渗盐水和盐皮质激素的某种组合来实现。
