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Diabetologia. 1980 Nov;19(5):475-81. doi: 10.1007/BF00281829.
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Dogfish insulin. Primary structure, conformation and biological properties of an elasmobranchial insulin.
Eur J Biochem. 1983 Oct 3;135(3):535-42. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1983.tb07685.x.
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Porcine proinsulin: characterization and amino acid sequence.猪胰岛素原：特性与氨基酸序列
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4
Comparative aspects of the immunology and biology of insulin.胰岛素免疫学与生物学的比较研究
Diabetologia. 1967 Dec;3(6):519-28. doi: 10.1007/BF01213571.
5
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6
Guinea pig insulin. I. Purification and physical properties.
J Biol Chem. 1974 Jul 10;249(13):4021-5.
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The isolation, purification and amino-acid sequence of insulin from the teleost fish Cottus scorpius (daddy sculpin).从杜父鱼科鱼类（杜父鱼）中分离、纯化胰岛素及其氨基酸序列
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Isolation and structures of alligator gar (Lepisosteus spatula) insulin and pancreatic polypeptide.雀鳝（Lepisosteus spatula）胰岛素和胰多肽的分离与结构
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9
A glucagon-like peptide, structurally related to mammalian oxyntomodulin, from the pancreas of a holocephalan fish, Hydrolagus colliei.一种与哺乳动物胃动素结构相关的胰高血糖素样肽，来自全头亚纲鱼类银鲛的胰腺。
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High-level expression of human insulin receptor cDNA in mouse NIH 3T3 cells.人胰岛素受体cDNA在小鼠NIH 3T3细胞中的高水平表达。
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Aug;84(15):5237-41. doi: 10.1073/pnas.84.15.5237.

来自全骨鱼类雀鳝（Amia calva）的胰岛素的结构与受体结合活性

Structure and receptor-binding activity of insulin from a holostean fish, the bowfin (Amia calva).

作者信息

Conlon J M, Youson J H, Whittaker J

机构信息

Department of Biomedical Sciences, Creighton University Medical School, Omaha, NE 68178.

出版信息

Biochem J. 1991 May 15;276 ( Pt 1)(Pt 1):261-4. doi: 10.1042/bj2760261.

DOI:10.1042/bj2760261
PMID:2039477
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1151174/
Abstract

The holostean fishes are the extant representatives of the primitive ray-finned fishes from which the present-day teleosts may have evolved. The primary structure of insulin from a holostean fish, the bowfin (Amia calva), was established as: A-chain: Gly-Ile-Val-Glu-Gln-Cys-Cys-Leu-Lys-Pro-Cys-Thr-Ile-Tyr-Glu-Met-Glu- Lys-Tyr-Cys-Asn B-chain: Ala-Ala-Ser-Gln-His-Leu-Cys-Gly-Ser-His-Leu-Val-Glu-Ala-Leu-Phe-Leu- Val-Cys-Gly-Glu-Ser-Gly-Phe-Phe-Tyr-Asn-Pro-Asn-Lys-Ser This amino acid sequence contains several substitutions (methionine at A16, phenylalanine at B16 and serine at B22) at sites that have been strongly conserved in other vertebrate species and that may be expected to influence biological activity. Consistent with this prediction, bowfin insulin was approx. 14-fold less potent than pig insulin in inhibiting the binding of [125I-Tyr-A14](human insulin) to transfected mouse NIH 3T3 cells expressing the human insulin receptor.

摘要

全骨鱼类是原始辐鳍鱼类的现存代表，现代硬骨鱼类可能是由它们进化而来的。一种全骨鱼类——弓鳍鱼（Amia calva）胰岛素的一级结构确定如下：A链：甘氨酸-异亮氨酸-缬氨酸-谷氨酸-谷氨酰胺-半胱氨酸-半胱氨酸-亮氨酸-赖氨酸-脯氨酸-半胱氨酸-苏氨酸-异亮氨酸-酪氨酸-谷氨酸-甲硫氨酸-谷氨酸-赖氨酸-酪氨酸-半胱氨酸-天冬酰胺；B链：丙氨酸-丙氨酸-丝氨酸-谷氨酰胺-组氨酸-亮氨酸-半胱氨酸-甘氨酸-丝氨酸-组氨酸-亮氨酸-缬氨酸-谷氨酸-丙氨酸-亮氨酸-苯丙氨酸-亮氨酸-缬氨酸-半胱氨酸-甘氨酸-谷氨酸-丝氨酸-甘氨酸-苯丙氨酸-苯丙氨酸-酪氨酸-天冬酰胺-脯氨酸-天冬酰胺-赖氨酸-丝氨酸。该氨基酸序列在其他脊椎动物物种中高度保守的位点存在几个替换（A16位的甲硫氨酸、B16位的苯丙氨酸和B22位的丝氨酸），这些替换可能会影响生物活性。与这一预测一致，弓鳍鱼胰岛素在抑制[125I-酪氨酸-A14]（人胰岛素）与表达人胰岛素受体的转染小鼠NIH 3T3细胞结合方面的效力约为猪胰岛素的1/14。