University of Virginia, Charlottesville,VA 22904-4400, USA.
J Anxiety Disord. 2010 Jun;24(5):468-79. doi: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2010.03.003. Epub 2010 Mar 18.
Despite predictions following from cognitive theories of anxiety, evidence for memory biases in social anxiety has been mixed. This study extends previous research by using stimuli relevant to participants' concerns and allowing time for post-event processing. Participants high (n=42) or low (n=39) in social anxiety symptoms gave speeches and received standardized feedback on their and a confederate's performance. Participants then took recognition and recall tests for the feedback immediately after it was given and after a two-day delay. Results showed no recall biases. However, the hypothesized recognition biases were found: the high social anxiety group remembered the confederate's feedback more positively than their own, remembered their negative feedback as worse than the low group, and diminished positive feedback over time. Moreover, post-event processing mediated the relationship between social anxiety and memory for negative feedback. Results suggest that biased recognition of social feedback is linked to social anxiety.
尽管焦虑的认知理论预测了这一点,但社交焦虑中的记忆偏差的证据一直存在分歧。本研究通过使用与参与者关注点相关的刺激,并允许进行事件后处理,扩展了先前的研究。参与者的社交焦虑症状较高(n=42)或较低(n=39),他们发表演讲并收到关于他们和一个同伙表现的标准化反馈。然后,参与者在给予反馈后立即和两天后延迟时进行了识别和回忆测试。结果显示没有回忆偏差。然而,发现了假设的识别偏差:高社交焦虑组对同伙的反馈的记忆比自己的更积极,对自己的负面反馈的记忆比低社交焦虑组更差,并且随着时间的推移,积极反馈减少。此外,事件后处理中介了社交焦虑与负面反馈记忆之间的关系。结果表明,对社交反馈的有偏差的识别与社交焦虑有关。