School of Nursing, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
Nurs Res. 2010 May-Jun;59(3):185-93. doi: 10.1097/NNR.0b013e3181dbb9ee.
Developing a sense of competence and satisfaction in the maternal role enhances positive parenting and healthy development of the child. There is limited longitudinal research on the predictive factors influencing maternal role competence and satisfaction.
The aim of this study was to determine the predictive and concurrent associations of prenatal perceived maternal role competence, learned resourcefulness, social support, stress, and depression to perceived maternal role competence and satisfaction at 6 weeks postpartum.
A longitudinal, descriptive design was used. A convenience sample of 184 first-time pregnant women with a singleton and uneventful pregnancy were recruited from two regional public hospitals in Hong Kong. The Parenting Sense of Competence Scale, Self-control Schedule, Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey, Social Readjustment Rating Scale, and Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale were used to assess maternal role competence and satisfaction, learned resourcefulness, social support, stress, and depressive symptoms, respectively. Data were collected during pregnancy and at 6 weeks postpartum.
Multiple regression analysis showed that perceived maternal role competence and satisfaction at 6 weeks postpartum were predicted by prenatal perceived maternal role competence and learned resourcefulness and were associated with postnatal learned resourcefulness and depression. Social support and stress were not associated directly with perceived maternal role competence and satisfaction at 6 weeks postpartum.
The present findings suggest that maternal learned resourcefulness and depression are important factors affecting perceived maternal role competence and satisfaction at postpartum. Culturally competent healthcare should be developed to promote the psychological well-being of women and to equip women with the learned resourcefulness skills to facilitate maternal role taking and enhance women's sense of competence and satisfaction in the maternal role.
在母亲角色中培养能力感和满足感可以增强积极的育儿方式，并促进孩子的健康发展。然而，关于影响母亲角色能力感和满足感的预测因素的纵向研究有限。
本研究旨在确定产前感知的母亲角色能力感、习得的机敏性、社会支持、压力和抑郁与产后 6 周时感知的母亲角色能力感和满足感的预测和并发关联。
采用纵向描述性设计。在香港的两家地区公立医院，我们招募了 184 名初次怀孕的单胎、无并发症的孕妇作为便利样本。使用父母能力感量表、自我控制量表、医疗结局研究社会支持量表、社会再适应评定量表和爱丁堡产后抑郁量表，分别评估母亲角色能力感和满足感、习得的机敏性、社会支持、压力和抑郁症状。数据在怀孕期间和产后 6 周收集。
多元回归分析显示，产后 6 周时的感知母亲角色能力感和满足感由产前感知的母亲角色能力感和习得的机敏性预测，并与产后习得的机敏性和抑郁相关。社会支持和压力与产后 6 周时的感知母亲角色能力感和满足感没有直接关联。
本研究结果表明，母亲习得的机敏性和抑郁是影响产后感知母亲角色能力感和满足感的重要因素。应该开发具有文化适应性的医疗保健服务，以促进妇女的心理健康，并为妇女提供习得的机敏性技能，以促进母亲角色的承担，并增强妇女在母亲角色中的能力感和满足感。
