School of Nursing, The Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam.
Nurs Res. 2012 Mar-Apr;61(2):78-85. doi: 10.1097/NNR.0b013e318240dd3f.
Postnatal depression is a major health problem that can have detrimental effects on infants' psychosocial development; however, there are few longitudinal studies on the protective role of learned resourcefulness against the development of postnatal depression.
The aims of this study were to examine the relationships among learned resourcefulness, social support, stress, and depressive symptoms across the perinatal period and to determine the mediating role of learned resourcefulness and social support between stress and depressive symptoms in the perinatal period.
A longitudinal design was used. A convenience sample of 170 first-time Chinese mothers completed the assessment during pregnancy and were followed up at 6 weeks and 6 months postpartum. The Self-Control Schedule, Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey, Social Readjustment Rating Scale, and Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale were used. Path analysis was employed.
Learned resourcefulness had a direct impact on depressive symptoms and mediated the effect of stress on depressive symptoms during pregnancy and at 6 weeks postpartum. Social support had a direct impact on depressive symptoms and mediated the effect of stress on depressive symptoms during pregnancy. Learned resourcefulness and social support directly predicted depressive symptoms at 6 months postpartum.
Learned resourcefulness and social support serve to protect against the development of depressive symptoms and mediate the relationship between stress and depressive symptoms in the perinatal period. Culturally competent healthcare should be developed to equip women with learned resourcefulness skills and foster support network to combat the stress of new motherhood, thereby minimizing the risk of perinatal depression.
产后抑郁症是一个严重的健康问题，会对婴儿的社会心理发展产生不利影响；然而，针对习得性应变能力对产后抑郁症发展的保护作用，纵向研究较少。
本研究旨在探讨习得性应变能力、社会支持、压力与围产期抑郁症状之间的关系，并确定习得性应变能力和社会支持在围产期压力与抑郁症状之间的中介作用。
采用纵向设计。便利选取 170 名首次分娩的中国母亲在孕期和产后 6 周及 6 个月时完成评估。使用自我控制量表、医疗结局研究社会支持量表、社会再适应评定量表和爱丁堡产后抑郁量表。采用路径分析。
习得性应变能力对抑郁症状有直接影响，并在孕期和产后 6 周时中介了压力对抑郁症状的影响。社会支持对抑郁症状有直接影响，并在孕期中介了压力对抑郁症状的影响。习得性应变能力和社会支持直接预测了产后 6 个月时的抑郁症状。
习得性应变能力和社会支持有助于预防抑郁症状的发生，并在围产期中介了压力与抑郁症状之间的关系。应开发具有文化适应性的医疗保健措施，使妇女具备习得性应变能力，并培养支持网络，以应对新妈妈的压力，从而最大限度地降低围产期抑郁的风险。
