Chirila T V, Walker L N, Constable I J, Thompson D E, Barrett G D
Lions Eye Institute, Perth, Western Australia.
J Cataract Refract Surg. 1991 Mar;17(2):154-62. doi: 10.1016/s0886-3350(13)80245-3.
Development of improved hydrogels for soft intraocular lenses, based on 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate monomer, requires the use of various other monomers and polymerization additives which have potential ocular toxicity. Three monomers, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, methyl methacrylate, and 2-ethoxyethyl methacrylate, as well as two common inhibitors, hydroquinone and 4-methoxyphenol, were subjected to in vitro cytotoxicity assays as aqueous solutions at different concentrations. A new polymerization initiator, 2,2'-azo-bis-(2,4-dimethyl valeronitrile), was thermally decomposed in water at different concentrations and the products were also assayed for cytotoxicity. Assays were based on incubation with human choroidal fibroblasts. Cell death was evaluated by trypan blue dye exclusion, DNA synthesis inhibition, and lactate dehydrogenase tests. While methyl methacrylate and 2-ethoxyethyl methacrylate were found nontoxic, the other chemicals displayed high cytotoxicity. However, when extracts of synthesized poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) specimens, differentially treated after polymerization, were subjected to the same assays it was found that toxicity from residual 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate monomer was lost during steam sterilization and storage in water because of the removal of the monomer through aqueous washing. The lack of toxicity in these specimens suggests that residual contents of inhibitor and initiator are too low to cause toxic effects on choroidal fibroblasts. It is concluded that hydrogels have low cytotoxic effects in vitro.
基于甲基丙烯酸2-羟乙酯单体开发用于软性人工晶状体的改良水凝胶，需要使用各种其他具有潜在眼毒性的单体和聚合添加剂。三种单体，即甲基丙烯酸2-羟乙酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯和甲基丙烯酸2-乙氧基乙酯，以及两种常见的抑制剂对苯二酚和4-甲氧基苯酚，作为不同浓度的水溶液进行体外细胞毒性试验。一种新型聚合引发剂2,2'-偶氮双-(2,4-二甲基戊腈)在不同浓度的水中进行热分解，其产物也进行细胞毒性检测。检测基于与人脉络膜成纤维细胞共孵育。通过台盼蓝拒染法、DNA合成抑制试验和乳酸脱氢酶试验评估细胞死亡情况。虽然发现甲基丙烯酸甲酯和甲基丙烯酸2-乙氧基乙酯无毒，但其他化学物质显示出高细胞毒性。然而，当对聚合后经过不同处理的合成聚(甲基丙烯酸2-羟乙酯)标本提取物进行相同检测时，发现由于通过水洗去除了单体，残留的甲基丙烯酸2-羟乙酯单体在蒸汽灭菌和水中储存期间毒性消失。这些标本缺乏毒性表明抑制剂和引发剂的残留量过低，不会对脉络膜成纤维细胞产生毒性作用。得出的结论是水凝胶在体外具有低细胞毒性作用。
