Department of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders, National Institute of Occupational Health, Oslo, Norway.
J Adolesc Health. 2010 May;46(5):488-94. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2009.11.200. Epub 2010 Jan 13.
The aim of this prospective study was to relate the prevalence of neck, shoulder, and upper back pain to occupational and individual risk factors among a population of technical school students in their transition from school to working life. In addition, we wanted to assess the changes in pain prevalence during follow-up.
A cohort consisting of 173 technical school students was followed up during a 3-year period, from their last year of school through their first years of working life. Data on self-reported neck, shoulder, and upper back pain and factors such as mechanical exposure, perceived stress, and physical activity in leisure time were collected.
A high prevalence of pain in the neck, shoulder, and upper back among the technical school students was found. There were however few students reporting severe pain. Reporting pain at baseline gave over three times higher risk of reporting it at follow-up. A high level of physical activity outside working hours gave a lower risk of reporting neck, shoulder, and upper back pain at follow-up. High and moderate levels of mechanical exposure and high stress level were not found to be risk factors for pain after entering working life.
Neck, shoulder, and upper back pain are common among adolescents and may persist into working life. These results may give potential for preventive efforts at a young age. There is still much uncertainty about the factors leading to musculoskeletal pain, and more research is needed on this topic.
本前瞻性研究旨在探讨职业和个体危险因素与颈、肩和上背痛之间的相关性，研究对象为即将从学校过渡到工作生活的技校学生。此外，我们还评估了随访过程中疼痛发生率的变化。
我们对 173 名技校学生进行了为期 3 年的随访，从他们在校的最后一年到工作的最初几年。收集了自我报告的颈、肩和上背痛数据，以及机械暴露、感知压力和业余时间体力活动等因素的数据。
技校学生中颈、肩和上背痛的高患病率。然而，只有少数学生报告严重疼痛。基线时报告疼痛的学生在随访时报告疼痛的风险高出三倍以上。工作时间外进行高水平的体力活动可降低随访时颈、肩和上背痛的报告风险。高和中等水平的机械暴露和高水平的压力被认为不是进入工作生活后的疼痛危险因素。
颈、肩和上背痛在青少年中很常见，并且可能会持续到工作生活中。这些结果可能为年轻时的预防工作提供了潜力。导致肌肉骨骼疼痛的因素仍存在很大的不确定性，需要对此主题进行更多的研究。
