儿童注意缺陷多动障碍严重程度、亲职积极和消极行为与儿童社会功能的关系：三种理论模型的评估。
Child ADHD severity and positive and negative parenting as predictors of child social functioning: evaluation of three theoretical models.
机构信息
Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
出版信息
J Atten Disord. 2011 Apr;15(3):193-203. doi: 10.1177/1087054709356171. Epub 2010 Apr 27.
OBJECTIVE
Prior research has established links between child social functioning and both parenting and child ADHD severity; however, research examining the way that these variables work together is lacking. The current article aims to test three possible models (main effects, mediation, and moderation) by which ADHD severity and positive and negative parenting on the part of both mothers and fathers may work together to predict child social functioning.
METHOD
In a combined sample of children ages 5 to 11 with and without ADHD (N = 143), multiple regression was used to assess: (a) the main effects of ADHD severity and of positive and negative parenting by both mothers and fathers on child social skill and aggressive behavior; (b) parenting as a potential mediator of the relation between ADHD severity and child social skill and aggressive behavior; and (c) ADHD severity as a potential moderator of the relation between parenting and child social skill and aggressive behavior dependent variables.
RESULTS
Significant main effects of both ADHD severity and parenting on child social skill and aggression were found. There was some evidence to support parenting (particularly negative parenting) as a mediator of the relation between ADHD severity and child social skill and aggression. There was no evidence of significant moderational effects.
CONCLUSION
Parenting and ADHD severity are independently associated with child social skill and aggressive behavior.To the extent that these associations are causal, multimodal treatment targeting both symptom reduction and improved parenting may be especially effective for the treatment of social problems related to childhood ADHD. Furthermore, evidence for parenting as a mediator of the relation between ADHD severity and child outcomes suggests that changes in child symptoms may also improve parenting practices, thus leading to improved child outcomes.
目的
先前的研究已经确立了儿童社交功能与父母养育方式和儿童 ADHD 严重程度之间的联系；然而，缺乏研究来检验这些变量是如何共同作用的。本文旨在通过 ADHD 严重程度和父母双方的积极养育和消极养育，测试这三个可能的模型（主效应、中介和调节），从而预测儿童的社交功能。
方法
在一个患有和不患有 ADHD 的 5 至 11 岁儿童的综合样本中（N=143），使用多元回归来评估：（a）ADHD 严重程度以及母亲和父亲的积极养育和消极养育对儿童社交技能和攻击行为的主要影响；（b）养育方式是否是 ADHD 严重程度与儿童社交技能和攻击行为之间关系的潜在中介；（c）ADHD 严重程度是否是父母养育与儿童社交技能和攻击行为之间关系的潜在调节变量。
结果
发现 ADHD 严重程度和养育方式对儿童社交技能和攻击行为都有显著的主效应。有证据表明养育方式（尤其是消极养育）是 ADHD 严重程度与儿童社交技能和攻击行为之间关系的中介。没有证据表明存在显著的调节效应。
结论
养育方式和 ADHD 严重程度与儿童社交技能和攻击行为独立相关。如果这些关联是因果关系，那么针对症状减轻和改善养育方式的多模式治疗可能对治疗与儿童 ADHD 相关的社交问题特别有效。此外，养育方式是 ADHD 严重程度与儿童结果之间关系的中介的证据表明，儿童症状的变化也可能改善养育方式，从而改善儿童的结果。
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