Process & Environmental Research Division, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, UKNG7 2RD.
Phys Chem Chem Phys. 2010 May 14;12(18):4750-8. doi: 10.1039/b922797k. Epub 2010 Mar 16.
This paper explains the phenomena which occur in commercially available laboratory microwave equipment, and highlights several situations where experimental observations are often misinterpreted as a 'microwave effect'. Electromagnetic simulations and heating experiments were used to show the quantitative effects of solvent type, solvent volume, vessel material, vessel internals and stirring rate on the distribution of the electric field, the power density and the rate of heating. The simulations and experiments show how significant temperature gradients can exist within the heated materials, and that very different results can be obtained depending on the method used to measure temperature. The overall energy balance is shown for a number of different solvents, and the interpretation and implications of using the results from commercially available microwave equipment are discussed.
本文解释了商业上可用的实验室微波设备中出现的现象，并强调了几种情况下，实验观察结果经常被误解为“微波效应”。本文通过电磁模拟和加热实验，展示了溶剂类型、溶剂体积、容器材料、容器内件和搅拌速度对电场分布、功率密度和加热速率的定量影响。模拟和实验表明，加热材料内部可能存在显著的温度梯度，并且根据所采用的温度测量方法，可能会得到非常不同的结果。本文还展示了多种不同溶剂的总能量平衡，并讨论了使用商业上可用的微波设备的结果的解释和影响。
