Chikan Viktor, McLaurin Emily J
Department of Chemistry, Kansas State University, 213 CBC Building, Manhattan, KS 66506-0401, USA.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2016 May 5;6(5):85. doi: 10.3390/nano6050085.
Traditional hot-injection (HI) syntheses of colloidal nanoparticles (NPs) allows good separation of the nucleation and growth stages of the reaction, a key limitation in obtaining monodisperse NPs, but with limited scalability. Here, two methods are presented for obtaining NPs via rapid heating: magnetic and microwave-assisted. Both of these techniques provide improved engineering control over the separation of nucleation and growth stages of nanomaterial synthesis when the reaction is initiated from room temperature. The advantages of these techniques with preliminary data are presented in this prospective article. It is shown here that microwave assisted heating could possibly provide some selectivity in activating the nanomaterial precursor materials, while magnetic heating can produce very tiny particles in a very short time (even on the millisecond timescale), which is important for scalability. The fast magnetic heating also allows for synthesizing larger particles with improved size distribution, therefore impacting, not only the quantity, but the quality of the nanomaterials.
传统的热注入(HI)合成胶体纳米颗粒(NPs)能够很好地分离反应的成核和生长阶段,这是获得单分散纳米颗粒的一个关键限制因素,但其可扩展性有限。本文介绍了两种通过快速加热获得纳米颗粒的方法:磁辅助法和微波辅助法。当反应从室温开始时,这两种技术都能在纳米材料合成的成核和生长阶段分离方面提供更好的工程控制。本文前瞻性地介绍了这些技术的优势及初步数据。结果表明,微波辅助加热可能在激活纳米材料前驱体方面具有一定的选择性,而磁加热能在极短时间内(甚至在毫秒时间尺度上)产生非常微小的颗粒,这对可扩展性很重要。快速磁加热还能合成尺寸分布更优的较大颗粒,因此不仅影响纳米材料的数量,还影响其质量。