Frontier Science Organization and Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan.
Cell Cycle. 2010 May;9(9):1754-8. doi: 10.4161/cc.9.9.11806. Epub 2010 May 18.
One of the critical events in mitosis is proper sister chromatid cohesion, which is mediated by a protein complex called cohesin. The cohesin complex is best known for its role in tethering the sister DNA molecules. This review summarizes recent progress in understanding the functions of cohesin, and of its major subunits, SMC1, SMC3, Scc1 and Scc3. It is now clear that cohesin also plays crucial roles in controlling transcription and gene expression, DNA damage repair and spindle pole formation; functions that are beyond the traditional view of cohesin as a 'molecular glue' that holds sister chromosomes together.
有丝分裂过程中的一个关键事件是姐妹染色单体的正确黏合，这一过程由一个叫做黏合蛋白的蛋白复合物介导。黏合蛋白复合物最广为人知的功能是将姐妹 DNA 分子连接在一起。这篇综述总结了目前对黏合蛋白及其主要亚基 SMC1、SMC3、Scc1 和 Scc3 的功能的理解的最新进展。现在已经很清楚，黏合蛋白在转录和基因表达的调控、DNA 损伤修复和纺锤体极的形成等方面也发挥着至关重要的作用；这些功能超出了黏合蛋白作为“分子胶”将姐妹染色体连接在一起的传统观点。
