Koller J
Universitätsklinik für Dermatologie, Paracelsus Medizinische Privatuniversität, Salzburger Landeskliniken, Salzburg.
Hautarzt. 2010 May;61(5):443-51; quiz 452. doi: 10.1007/s00105-010-1952-5.
Almost all fair-skinned children demonstrate one or more pigment nevi at the integument. These usually develop in the first two decades of life as a result of an endogenous disposition and exogenous stimulants. While most pigmented nevi are per se harmless, congenital and atypical (dysplastic) nevi are considered as precursors of melanoma and risk indicators. Although one normal nevus in isolation generally presents no risk, children and adults with multiple pigment nevi are at increased risk of developing a melanoma in the course of their life. Since the onset of pigment nevi is undisputedly triggered by ultraviolet light, appropriate prevention and protection is crucial. The differential diagnosis between nevus cell nevi and melanoma is particularly challenging, especially in the case of atypical nevi.
几乎所有肤色浅的儿童在体表都会出现一个或多个色素痣。这些色素痣通常在生命的前二十年由于内源性因素和外源性刺激而形成。虽然内源性因素和外源性刺激而形成。虽然大多数色素痣本身是无害的,但先天性和非典型(发育异常)痣被认为是黑色素瘤的先兆和风险指标。虽然单个正常痣一般没有风险,但有多个色素痣的儿童和成人一生中患黑色素瘤的风险会增加。由于色素痣的形成无疑是由紫外线引发的,因此适当的预防和保护至关重要。痣细胞痣和黑色素瘤的鉴别诊断尤其具有挑战性,在非典型痣的情况下更是如此。