Zgorzelska-Kowalik Joanna, Wiszniewska Marta, Kowalik Damian, Krawczyk-Szulc Patrycja, Nowakowska-Swirta Ewa, Pałczyński Cezary, Walusiak-Skorupa Jolanta
Klinika Chorób Zawodowych i Toksykologii, Oddział Chorób Zawodowych, Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. J. Nofera, Łódź.
Med Pr. 2010;61(1):79-89.
In most cases diagnosis of immediate-type occupational allergy is very complex. Mainly it is caused by diversity of occupational allergens and lack of standardized diagnostic methods. The content of allergic proteins in commercially available skin prick test reagents differs between companies and in some the most important allergens are not named. Also the evaluation of serum specific IgE (asIgE) is characterized by different diagnostic accuracy. In some cases, false-positive results of asIgE detection are the consequence of cross-reaction to common environmental allergens. In those cases it is helpful to determine asIgE for cross-reacting carbohydrate determinants (CCDs) to exclude cross-hypersensitivity. The presented paper reviews the structure of carbohydrate determinants, their prevalence and possible impact on laboratory in vitro tests used in allergy diagnostics, as well as the methods of their identification. Possible applications of CCDs in occupational allergy diagnostics are also discussed.
在大多数情况下，速发型职业性过敏的诊断非常复杂。主要原因是职业过敏原的多样性以及缺乏标准化的诊断方法。市售皮肤点刺试验试剂中变应原蛋白的含量因公司而异，有些试剂甚至未列出一些最重要的过敏原。此外，血清特异性IgE（asIgE）检测的诊断准确性也各不相同。在某些情况下，asIgE检测出现假阳性结果是对常见环境过敏原发生交叉反应的结果。在这些情况下，检测针对交叉反应性碳水化合物决定簇（CCD）的asIgE有助于排除交叉超敏反应。本文综述了碳水化合物决定簇的结构、其普遍性及其对用于过敏诊断的实验室体外检测可能产生的影响，以及其鉴定方法。还讨论了CCD在职业性过敏诊断中的可能应用。
