Department of Psychiatry, Dartmouth Psychiatric Research Center, 2 Whipple Pl., Suite 202, Lebanon, NH 03766, USA.
Psychiatr Serv. 2010 May;61(5):508-11. doi: 10.1176/ps.2010.61.5.508.
African Americans make up approximately 12% of the U.S. population, a total of around 36 million people. Evidence suggests that African Americans suffer from significant and persistent disparities within the mental health system. African Americans with severe mental illness are less likely than Euro-Americans to access mental health services, more likely to drop out of treatment, more likely to receive poor-quality care, and more likely to be dissatisfied with care. Dominant patterns of treatment for African Americans with psychiatric disabilities are often least suited to long-term rehabilitation. To be successful, interventions must simultaneously target three levels: macro, provider, and patient. Five domains are posited that cut across these levels. These are cross-cultural communication, discrimination, explanatory models, stigma, and family involvement. These need appropriate research and action to enhance the psychiatric rehabilitation of African Americans. Potential solutions to overcome barriers raised within these domains are suggested.
非裔美国人约占美国总人口的 12%，总计约 3600 万人。有证据表明，非裔美国人在精神卫生系统中存在显著且持续的差距。患有严重精神疾病的非裔美国人获得精神卫生服务的可能性低于欧裔美国人，更有可能中途退出治疗，更有可能接受低质量的护理，更有可能对护理不满意。针对精神残疾非裔美国人的主流治疗模式通常最不适合长期康复。要取得成功，干预措施必须同时针对三个层面：宏观、提供者和患者。提出了五个跨越这些层面的领域。这些领域是跨文化沟通、歧视、解释模型、污名和家庭参与。这需要进行适当的研究和行动，以加强非裔美国人的精神康复。针对这些领域提出的障碍，建议了一些潜在的解决方案。
