University of Heidelberg, Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg, Germany. thomas
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2009 Oct;49(9):782-99. doi: 10.1080/10408390802248627.
Resveratrol, a red wine constituent, has been known for its cardioprotective effects. Recent data give ample evidence that resveratrol can act as a chemopreventive agent as well. Tumor initation, promotion, and progression are affected by resveratrol via multiple pathways, which are discussed in this review. Resveratrol has anti-inflammatory effects by counteracting NF-kappa B and AP-1 transcription and can prevent bioactivation of procarcinogens by interacting with drug metabolizing enzymes. Furthermore, resveratrol exerts antioxidant activities, hence contributing to the prevention of tumor initiation. Growing or metastasizing carcinomas are inhibited by resveratrol through prevention of angiogenesis by inhibiting VEGF and matrix metalloproteases. Induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, important mechanisms for cancer therapy, are stimulated by resveratrol through different mechanisms, e.g., activation of p53 and modulation of cell cycle proteins. Although there has been remarkable evidence for resveratrol as a potent chemopreventive agent in vitro, it seems that the low bioavailability of resveratrol in humans could interfere with a successful in vivo treatment. Nevertheless, resveratrol offers two major advantages over conventional chemotherapy. The cytotoxic effects of resveratrol on healthy cells can be neglected, and, as several pathways leading to chemotherapeutic effects are activated by resveratrol, chemoresistance-inducing mutations in cancer cells can be overcome.
白藜芦醇是红酒的一种成分，其对心脏的保护作用已广为人知。最近的数据充分证明，白藜芦醇还可以作为一种化学预防剂。本综述讨论了白藜芦醇通过多种途径影响肿瘤的起始、促进和进展。白藜芦醇通过拮抗 NF-κB 和 AP-1 转录发挥抗炎作用，并通过与药物代谢酶相互作用来防止前致癌物的生物活化。此外，白藜芦醇具有抗氧化活性，因此有助于预防肿瘤起始。通过抑制血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）和基质金属蛋白酶（MMPs）来抑制血管生成，从而抑制生长或转移的癌。通过不同的机制，如激活 p53 和调节细胞周期蛋白，白藜芦醇刺激细胞凋亡和细胞周期停滞，这是癌症治疗的重要机制。尽管有大量证据表明白藜芦醇是一种有效的化学预防剂，但在体内，白藜芦醇的生物利用度低可能会干扰成功的治疗。尽管如此，白藜芦醇比传统化疗具有两个主要优势。白藜芦醇对健康细胞的细胞毒性作用可以忽略不计，并且由于白藜芦醇激活了导致化疗效果的多种途径，因此可以克服癌细胞中诱导化疗耐药的突变。
