医院和养老院中营养不良参数与压疮的关系。
The relationship between malnutrition parameters and pressure ulcers in hospitals and nursing homes.
机构信息
Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Suez Canal University, Port Said, Egypt.
出版信息
Nutrition. 2010 Sep;26(9):886-9. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2010.01.016. Epub 2010 May 4.
OBJECTIVES
Pressure ulcers (PU) remain a major health care problem throughout the world. Although malnutrition is considered to be one of the intrinsic risk factors for PU, more evidence is needed to identify the exact relation between PU and malnutrition. This study aims to identify whether there exists a relationship between PU and malnutrition in hospitals and nursing homes.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study was performed in April 2007 in hospitals and nursing homes in Germany. PU were assessed using the Braden scale. Malnutrition was assessed by low body mass index (BMI), undesired weight loss, and insufficient nutritional intake.
RESULTS
Two thousand three hundred ninety-three patients from 29 nursing homes and 4067 patients from 22 hospitals participated in the study. PU in both hospital and nursing home patients were significantly (P < 0.01) related to undesired weight loss (5%-10%). Moreover low nutritional intake and low BMI (<18.5) were also significantly related to PU in hospitals and nursing homes.
CONCLUSION
There is a significant relationship between malnutrition parameters like undesired weight loss, BMI < 18.5, and low nutritional intake and PU.
目的
压疮（PU）仍然是全世界主要的医疗保健问题。虽然营养不良被认为是 PU 的内在危险因素之一，但需要更多的证据来确定 PU 与营养不良之间的确切关系。本研究旨在确定医院和养老院中是否存在 PU 与营养不良之间的关系。
方法
2007 年 4 月在德国的医院和养老院进行了一项横断面研究。使用 Braden 量表评估 PU。通过低体重指数（BMI）、不期望的体重减轻和营养摄入不足来评估营养不良。
结果
来自 29 家养老院的 2393 名患者和来自 22 家医院的 4067 名患者参加了研究。医院和养老院患者的 PU 与不期望的体重减轻（5%-10%）显著相关（P < 0.01）。此外，低营养摄入和 BMI<18.5 在医院和养老院也与 PU 显著相关。
结论
不期望的体重减轻、BMI<18.5 和低营养摄入等营养不良参数与 PU 之间存在显著关系。
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