David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
J Clin Exp Neuropsychol. 2010 Nov;32(9):1017-27. doi: 10.1080/13803391003671166. Epub 2010 May 7.
The study's aim was to assess a broad range of declarative and nondeclarative memory functions in schizophrenia to identify areas of impairment versus relative preservation. Participants included 40 schizophrenia outpatients and 30 demographically comparable community residents. All participants were administered a battery assessing declarative memory (verbal learning, working memory, semantic memory, remote memory, verbal retention) and nondeclarative memory (procedural learning, priming). To control for order effects, the battery was divided into three parts of approximately equal length with order of administration counterbalanced across study participants. The results showed persons with schizophrenia to be significantly impaired relative to community residents in verbal learning, working memory, semantic memory, remote memory, and priming. In contrast, the two groups were comparable in verbal retention and procedural learning. In the schizophrenia group, priming ability best discriminated past year's vocational status. In sum, the findings indicate a specific pattern of impairment and preservation of memory functioning in schizophrenia. Skill (procedural) learning and retention of learned, declarative verbal information across a delay appear intact, while all other areas measured appear impaired.
本研究旨在评估精神分裂症患者广泛的陈述性和非陈述性记忆功能，以确定损伤和相对保留的区域。参与者包括 40 名精神分裂症门诊患者和 30 名人口统计学上可比的社区居民。所有参与者都接受了一套评估陈述性记忆（语言学习、工作记忆、语义记忆、远程记忆、语言保留）和非陈述性记忆（程序学习、启动）的测试。为了控制顺序效应，测试分为三个部分，每个部分的长度大致相等，通过参与者的顺序来平衡。结果表明，与社区居民相比，精神分裂症患者在语言学习、工作记忆、语义记忆、远程记忆和启动方面明显受损。相比之下，两组在语言保留和程序学习方面相当。在精神分裂症组中，启动能力最好地区分了过去一年的职业状况。总之，这些发现表明精神分裂症患者的记忆功能存在特定的损伤和保留模式。技能（程序）学习和延迟后所学的、陈述性的言语信息的保留似乎完好无损，而所有其他测量的领域都显示出损伤。
