Centre for Anatomy & Human Identification, University of Dundee, UK.
J Anat. 2010 Feb;216(2):235-50. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7580.2009.01182.x.
Facial reconstruction is employed in the context of forensic investigation and for creating three-dimensional portraits of people from the past, from ancient Egyptian mummies and bog bodies to digital animations of J. S. Bach. This paper considers a facial reconstruction method (commonly known as the Manchester method) associated with the depiction and identification of the deceased from skeletal remains. Issues of artistic licence and scientific rigour, in relation to soft tissue reconstruction, anatomical variation and skeletal assessment, are discussed. The need for artistic interpretation is greatest where only skeletal material is available, particularly for the morphology of the ears and mouth, and with the skin for an ageing adult. The greatest accuracy is possible when information is available from preserved soft tissue, from a portrait, or from a pathological condition or healed injury.
面部重建用于法医调查和从过去的人创建三维肖像，从古埃及木乃伊和沼泽尸体到 J.S. 巴赫的数字动画。本文考虑了一种面部重建方法（通常称为曼彻斯特方法），该方法与从骨骼遗骸描述和识别死者有关。讨论了与软组织重建、解剖变异和骨骼评估相关的艺术许可和科学严谨性问题。在只有骨骼材料可用的情况下，特别是对于耳朵和嘴巴的形态以及成年的皮肤，艺术解释的需求最大。当有保存的软组织、肖像或病理状况或愈合损伤的信息时，可以达到最大的准确性。
